Chapter 13 Quiz Flashcards
Nondeclarative memory is said to deal with _______ questions
how
Henry Molaison’s (patient H.M.) surgery involved removal of the most of the hippocampus, surrounding cortex from the temporal lobes, and the
amygdala
Patients like patient H.M. can learn to read mirror-reversed text even though they don’t remember practicing it, which demonstrates that their problem is not in learning new material, but instead is in
forming new declarative memories
Which brain area(s) is/are implicated in encoding new declarative memories, as demonstrated by the case of patient N.A.?
dorsomedial thalamus and mammillary bodies
Which brain area(s) is/are implicated in patient K.C.’s inability to recall autobiographical details of his life from many years before his accident?
frontal and parietal cortex
Declarative episodic memory is also called
autobiographical memory
The main cause of Korsakoff’s syndrome is
lack of thiamine
Which type of nondeclarative memory is not affected by damage to the basal ganglia?
priming
Which behavior would allow you to strengthen a memory (for example, while studying for exam)?
repeated retrieval of the information
The three successive systems that are necessary for recall of a past event are encoding, ________, and retrieval
consolidation
Which memory store holds the largest number of items?
long-term memory
The amygdala is directly involved in
fear conditioning
It has been proposed that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can be reduced or eliminated by the administration of drugs that
block the effects of emotional stress on memory
In posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), when a traumatic memory is reactivated it returns to a labile state; it becomes even stronger when reconsolidated in the presence of
stress hormones
Place cells, which are located in the ______, become active when an animal moves through its spatial environment or toward a particular location
hippocampus
A friend gives you a phone number but you don’t have your phone with you with so you concentrate on committing it to memory. As soon as you have called the number you forget it. The memory of the number would be classified as a _______ memory
short-term
Research shows that rats living in enriched conditions have more dendritic branches on cortical neurons and enhanced activity of _________ neurons throughout the cortex
cholinergic
In the simplest form of nonassociative learning,
an organism becomes less responsive following repeated presentation of a stimulus.
NMDA receptors are activated by
the ligand glutamate and a strong depolarization of the membrane
During LTP formation, nitric oxide may serve as
a retrograde transmitter
