Chapter Quiz 4 Flashcards
Undifferentiated _______ cells, if gathered from embryonic tissue and transplanted into the brain, will differentiate and integrate properly.
stem
In human embryonic development, the crests of the neural groove come together to form the
neural tube
In neurogenesis, cells that give rise to neurons divide in via mitosis, which takes place within the ______ zone inside the neural tube.
ventricular
During a period of normal cell death, developing neurons are thought to compete for
neurotrophic factors
During development, the process in which one cell affects the differentiation of other neighboring cells is called
cell-cell interaction
In the human cerebral cortex, the pruning of dendrites and axon terminals occurs last in _____ cortex
prefrontal
In the adult brain, neurogenesis is evident in the
hippocampus
The importance of loss of synapses during development is demonstrated in people with ______, a condition in which the normal elimination of synapses after birth does not occur, leading to intellectual disability
fragile X syndrome
The visual problems associated with amblyopia illustrate the importance of
early experience on brain development
Hebbian synapses ________
grow stronger or weaker depending on their effectiveness in driving their target cell
In the context of genetics, the term “expression” refers to
the way a cell makes an mRNA transcript of a gene
PKU is a hereditary disorder that involves faulty metabolism of
protein
The physical characteristics that make up an individual and constantly change throughout life are called the individual’s
phenotype
Which statement provides an example of epigenetics?
Mothering style affecting the developing brain
Methylation _______ gene expression through ________
inhibits; DNA modification
Which feature does not normally change during the life span?
genotype
It appears that Alzheimer’s disease is not simply the result of “wear-and-tear,” because
people who reach the age 85-90 without symptoms become increasingly less likely ever to develop them
Neurofibrillary tangles are
abnormal whorls of neurofilaments
Which of the following can postpone the appearance of Alzheimer’s disease?
adequate amounts of sleep
A challenge with treatment for Alzheimer’s that involves trying to inhibit the production of beta-amyloid is that
it is not known if beta-amyloid production is caused by Alzheimer’s or if it is a response to it
