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Government > Chapter One > Flashcards

Chapter One Flashcards

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AP® U.S. Government flashcards U.S. Government Basics flashcards American Government 101 flashcards
1
Q

Government

A

an institution through which leaders exercise power to make and enforce laws affecting the people under its control

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2
Q

Nation

A

a sizable group of people who believe themselves united by common bonds of race, language, custom, or religion

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3
Q

John Locke

A

philosopher that believed people had natural rights and that the social contract was made between the people and that a government promised to secure these rights

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4
Q

Thomas Hobbes

A

philosopher that believed in the social contract theory, where people surrendered their freedom to the state, and in return, received order and security

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5
Q

State

A

a political community that occupies a definite territory and has an organized government

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6
Q

Abe Lincoln belief on government

A

the government should provide to the people what they cannot provide for themselves

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7
Q

Are a country and a state basically the same thing?

A

yes

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8
Q

Anarchy

A

a state that has no laws and no formal structure of government

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9
Q

Unitary System (system 1)

A

government that gives all key power to the national or central government

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10
Q

Federal System (system 3)

A

a government that divides the powers of government between the national and state governments

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11
Q

Constitution

A

a plan that provides the rules for government

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12
Q

Republic

A

government in which voters hold sovereign power; elected representatives , responsible to the people, and exercise their power

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13
Q

Confederacy (system 2)

A

a loose union of independent states

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14
Q

Constitutional government

A

a government in which a constitution has authority to place clearly recognized limits on the powers of those who govern

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15
Q

Democracy

A

form of government in which people rule themselves

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16
Q

What is the US’s government form?

A

republic

17
Q

Monarchy

A

government in which a queen or king (even emperor) exercises supreme powers of government

18
Q

Economics

A

the study of how people and nations use their limited resources to attempt to satisfy wants and needs

19
Q

Environmental Regulations

A

can reduce production of goods by limiting the amount of resources that are available for use

20
Q

Traditional Economies

A

where items such as rugs can be traded with fish and other foods

21
Q

Sovereignty

A

the supreme and absolute authority with territorial boundaries

22
Q

Social Contract

A

theory that by contract, people surrender to the state the power needed to maintain order and the state agrees to protect citizens

23
Q

Laissez Faire

A

the government should stay out of economic affairs

24
Q

Oligarchy

A

a system of government in which a small group of people holds power

25
Q

Proletariat

A

workers who produce the goods

26
Q

Dictatorship

A

a system of government in which power is in the hands of one person who has total control

27
Q

Capitalism

A

economic system that emphasizes private ownership of the factors of production, freedom of choice, and individual incentives

28
Q

Free Market

A

economic system in which buyers and sellers makes free choices in the marketplace

29
Q

Mixed Economies

A

a system in which the government regulates private enterprise

30
Q

Socialism

A

economic system in which the government owns the basic means of production distributes the products and wages, and provides social services such as health care and welfare

31
Q

Communism

A

economic system in which the central government directs all major economic decisions

32
Q

Regulation

A

a rule made and maintained by authority

33
Q

Characteristics of a sovereign state

A

a permanent population, a government not under another

34
Q

3 benefits of a federal system

A
  1. sharing power between levels of government
  2. states tailor to needs of state population
  3. central government can pass laws for all states if majority feel it’s beneficial
35
Q

4 defining characteristics of a state

A

Population
Territory
Sovereignty
Government

Government (5 decks)

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