Chapter Five

Question 1

Training design

Answer 1

The process of preparing and planning events to facilitate learning

Question 2

Training objective

Answer 2

A statement of what trainees are expected to be able to do after a training program

Question 3

Outsourcing

Answer 3

The use of an external supplier to provide training and development programs and services

Question 4

Request for proposal (RFP)

Answer 4

A document that outlines to potential vendors and consultants an organization;s training and project needs

Question 5

Subject matter expert

Answer 5

A person who is familiar with the knowledge, skills, and abilities required to perform a task or job

Question 6

Productive responses

Answer 6

The trainee actively uses the training content rather than passively watching, listening, or imitating the trainer

Question 7

Blended training

Answer 7

The use of a combination of approaches to training, such as classroom training, on-the-job training, and computer technology

Question 8

Practice

Answer 8

Physical or mental rehearsal of a task, skill, or knowledge in order to achieve some level of proficiency in performing the task or skill or demonstrating the knowledge

Question 9

Active practice

Answer 9

Providing trainees with opportunities to practice performing a training task or using knowledge during training

Question 10

Conditions of practice

Answer 10

Practice conditions that are implemented before and during training to enhance the effectiveness of active practice and maximize learning and retention

Question 11

Pre-training interventions

Answer 11

Activities or material provided before a training program or practice session to improve the potential for learning as well as the efficiency and effectiveness of practice during training

Question 12

Attentional advice

Answer 12

Providing trainees with information about the task process and general task strategies that can help learn and perform a task

Question 13

Metacognition

Answer 13

A self regulatory Process that helps people guide their learning and performance

Question 14

Metacognitive strategies

Answer 14

Strategies trainees can use to self - regulate their learning of a task

Question 15

Advance organizers

Answer 15

Structures or frame works to help trainees assimilate and integrate training content

Question 16

Goal orientation

Answer 16

The type of goal (learning goal or performance goal) that is set during training

Question 17

Preparatory information

Answer 17

Information about what trainees can expect to occur during practice sessions so that they can develop strategies to overcome performance obstacles

Question 18

Pre-practice briefs

Answer 18

Sessions in which team members establish their roles. responsibilities, and performance expectation prior to a team practice session

Question 19

Massed versus distribution practice

Answer 19

How the segments of a training program are divided and whether the training is conducted in a single session (massed) or is divided into several sessions with breaks or rest periods between them (distributed)

Question 20

Whole versus part learning

Answer 20

Whether the training material is learned and practiced at one time or one part at a time

Question 21

Overlearning

Answer 21

Continued practice even after trainees have mastered a task so that the behaviour becomes automatic

Question 22

Automaticity

Answer 22

The performance of a skill to the point at which little attention from the brain is required to respond correctly

Question 23

Task sequencing

Answer 23

Dividing training materials into an organized and logical sequence of sub tasks

Question 24

Feedback and knowledge of results

Answer 24

Providing trainees with feedback and information about their performance on a training or a task

Question 25

Routine expertise

Answer 25

The ability to reproduce specific behaviours in similar settings and situations

Question 26

Adaptive expertise

Answer 26

The ability to use knowledge and skills across a range of tasks settings, and situations

Question 27

Active learning

Answer 27

An approach to training that gives trainees control over their own learning experience

Question 28

Exploratory / discovery learning

Answer 28

Trainees are given the opportunity to explore and experiment with the training tasks to infer and learn the rules, principles, and strategies for effective task performance