Chapter Fifteen

Question 1

Hygiene

Answer 1

Keeping oneself clean and well groomed

Question 2

Activities of Daily Living

Answer 2

Activities you do to prepare for the day: like bathing, washing and styling hair, brushing and flossing teeth, dressing, shaving

Question 3

Maceration

Answer 3

Softened skin due to continuous exposure to moisture

Question 4

Excoriation

Answer 4

Scrapes on the skin

Question 5

Venous Return

Answer 5

Blood return from the extremities back to the heart

Question 6

Mottling

Answer 6

Purplish blotching of the skin when circulation slows greatly

Question 7

Types of Care:

Answer 7

-Self Care
-Assisted Care
-Total Care

Question 8

Self Care

Answer 8

Patients who are able to perform ADLs without assistance. Most patients in hospitals or care facilities require at least some assistance

Question 9

Assisted Care

Answer 9

Need some assistance with ADLs. This may mean needing help with hard to reach areas in bathing like back, feet, lower legs, in and out of tub or shower, or help getting care items.

Question 10

Total Care

Answer 10

Patient is able to do very little or nothing for themselves

Question 11

Bath Blanket

Answer 11

Large light-weight flannel blanket used during bath to prevent exposure

Question 12

Types of Baths:

Answer 12

-Complete Bed Bath
-Complete Bed Bath w/ Commercial product
-Assisted or Help Bath
-Partial Bath
-Tub Bath
-Shower
-Therapeutic Bath
-Commercially-Prepared Bathing Product

Question 13

Complete Bed Bath

Answer 13

PT unable to get out of bed, so bath is accomplished using basin of water at bedside. All parts of body are washed. Nurse does all care.

Question 14

Complete Bed Bath w/ Commercial product

Answer 14

Bath using disposable wipes specifically for bathing. Wipes are warmed using microwave. Wipes are not reused on other parts of the body. Some PT complain product leave skin feeling sticky.

Question 15

Assisted or Help Bath

Answer 15

Bath may be done in bed or with PT sitting up in chair. PT participates as much at they are able. If they become fatigued, SOB, or in pain, they nursing staff finished whatever the PT cannot reach or complete.

Question 16

Partial Bath

Answer 16

Only selected areas of PT are bathed. This type of bath may be done when PT is in pain or nauseated to prevent moving them more than is comfortable. Usually, partial bath includes washing face, hands, axilla, bottom, and perineal area or parts of the patient that would cause odor if not washed.

Question 17

Tub Bath

Answer 17

PT sits in tub of water that may or may not include whirlpool action. All of PT body is washed while they are in tub. It is difficult for some PT to bend enough to sit down in and get out of tub. Danger of slips and falls exist. Newer tubs have doors in the side that open for entry and exit making them less dangerous.

Question 18

Shower

Answer 18

PT can sit on a bench or shower chair or stand under the spray of a shower. Possible to turn spray off while applying soap and turn back on to rinse. Make sure not to chill PT. Usually able to wash PT hair with little difficulty.

Question 19

Therapeutic Bath

Answer 19

Tub bath given for a specific reason. May be whirlpool bath to remove infected or necrotic tissue from wounds. May involve having PT soak in the tub with meds added to water to sooth itching or skin disorders

Question 20

Commercially-Prepared Bathing Product

Answer 20

Kit that contains disposable wipes that are heated in microwave. Disposable and prevents cross contamination.

Question 21

Nursing Responsibilities During Bathing:

Answer 21

-Assess Skin for rashes, breaks in integrity, bruises, & lesions
-Complete Bathing in timely manner
-Intervening in ways to conserve PT energy
-Having PT put on robe to prevent need for towel
-Use bench in shower if PT unable to stand for long periods of time
-Use hair or bench in tub if PT cannot sit all the way down and easily get up

Question 22

Grooming:

Answer 22

-Back Massage
-Oral Care
*Unconscious PT
*Conscious PT
*Denture Care
-Shaving
-Nail Care
-Hair Care
*Shampooing Hair
*Styling Hair
-Caring for Piercings
-Eye and Ear Care
*Contact Lenses
*Artificial Eyes
*Hearing Aids

Question 23

Leukoplakia

Answer 23

White patches on tongue or oral mucosa that can be precancerous lesions

Question 24

Special Mouth Care

Answer 24

Term used for oral care for PT whose conditions result in a need for more frequent care and who need assistance for this care

Question 25

Lesions

Answer 25

Open areas

Question 26

Tinea Capitus

Answer 26

Fungal infection that can affect any part of the body and can be spread from one person to another, can present as a round area of hair loss with a lesion.

Question 27

Seborrhea

Answer 27

Overproduction of sebum. When this happens in infants, it is called cradle cap.

Question 28

Lice

Answer 28

Tiny parasites

Question 29

Nits

Answer 29

Clear bumps affixed tightly to the shaft of the hair, are the eggs of lice.

Question 30

Ocular Prosthesis

Answer 30

Artificial Eye, custom made to fit in the eye socket and is hand painted with great detail to match the existing eye. This type of eye does not move.