Chapter Eight: Chemical Bonding Flashcards
What kind of bond?
- electrostatic attraction between ions
- metals combined with nonmetals
- complete electron transfer between the bonding atoms
- very exothermic
Ionic Bond
What kind of bond?
- sharing of electrons
- attractions between electrons and nuclei
- repulsions between electrons
- repulsions between nuclei
Covalent Bond
What kind of bond?
- free electrons help hold metal atoms together
Metallic Bond
In an IONIC BOND, one element readily gives up an electron which means it has a low….
Ionization Energy
In an IONIC BOND, one element readily gives up an electron while another element readily gains an electron meaning it has a very negative…
Electron Affinity
What kind of substances?
- high melting points
- crytalline
- cleave along smooth lines
Ionic Substances
In a COVALENT BOND, for a bond to form, the net attraction must be…than the net repulsions
greater
When two equal, but opposite, charges are separated by a distance, a…forms
Dipole
What is the ability of an atom in a molecule to attract electrons to itself (increases as you go L to R and from the bottom to the top of the group)?
Electronegativity
Lattice energy increases with:
Increasing…on the ions
Decreasing…of ions
Charge
Size
What is the measure of how equally, or unequally, the electrons in a covalent bond are shared?
Bond Polarity
The electrons are equally shared in a…covalent bond
Nonpolar Covalent Bond
One of the atoms attracts electrons to itself with a greater force making it so the electron pair spends more time on its side of the bond in a…covalent bond
Polar Covalent Bond
What are the two exceptions to the Octet Rule?
- Central atoms with less than eight electrons (prior to Carbon)
- Molecules with more than 8 electrons (P/S/Cl)
