chapter 9 - sustainability and human development

Question 1

sustainability def

Answer 1

‘Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability for future generations to meet their own needs’ UN 1992

Question 2

economic sus

Answer 2

average incomes are adequate to sustain a decent standard of living and continue to rise in line with inflation and living costs

Question 3

economic sus examples

Answer 3

• trade
  -job creation
  -economic growth
• innovation and diversity of industries
  (innovative industries must be developed to ensure average incomes can be maintained and improved for the next generation)

Question 4

social sus

Answer 4

creating equitable society that meets the needs of all citizens and can be maintained indefinitely. ensure that all people have their human rights upheld

Question 5

social sus examples

Answer 5

Elimination of poverty
 provision of social protection systems 
Gender equality
Access to safe and decent working conditions (working in conditions that violate their basic human rights and destroy their dignity)
Promotion of political and legal rights
Peace and security

Question 6

environmental sus

Answer 6

using the natural environment in a way that allows resources to replenish so current and future generations have adequate access to natural resources.

Question 7

environmental sus examples

Answer 7

biodiversity( relates to the variety of all forms of life and the ecosystems of which they form a part. )
use of natural resources (non/renewable)
Waste removal and pollution ( minimise waste where possible and appropriately treat the waste products that are produced to reduce the impact on the environment.)
climate change

Question 8

human development

Answer 8

creating an environment in which people can develop to their full potential, lead productive and creative lives in accord with their needs and interest.

• Participate in the decisions that affect their lives
• Participate in the life of the community
• Have access to the resources needed for a decent standard of living (such as housing and a reliable food and water supply)
• Have access to knowledge and expand their choices and capabilities
• Lead productive and creative lives according to their needs and interests
• Lead long and healthy lives

Question 9

HDI def

Answer 9

provide an indication of the level of social and economic development experienced in a country.

Question 10

HDI dimensions and indicators

Answer 10

A long and healthy living life 
- life expectancy at birth 
knowledge
- expected years of schooling 
- mean years of schooling
a decent standard of living 
- GNI per capita

Question 11

ranking and range of HDI

Answer 11

Very high HD .800 +
high HD .700-.799
medium HD .550-.699
low HD -.550

Question 12

advantages of HDI

Answer 12

• provides a more comprehensive representation of human development
• provides an indication of opportunities for education which reflects knowledge and choices that come with it.
• provides one single statistic making it comparable
• useful for measuring progress over time/countries

Question 13

limitations of HDI

Answer 13

• only reflects certain aspects and does not capture richness and depth of HD. such as freedom and political participation.
• based on averages in a country, therefore can’t provide indication of inequalities within country
• data is often hard to collect