chapter 12 Flashcards
aid
can be described as assistance given to countries or communities in the event of a crisis or for the development of long-term sustainable improvements.
emergency aid
the rapid assistance given to people or countries in immediate distress to relieve suffering during and after emergencies. Short term, quick response
emergency aid purpose
- meet immediate need
- save lives/ reduce suffering
emergency aid characteristics
- rapid assistance
- provisions of food, water, shelter & medical aid, personal to assist such as drs, volunteers
multilateral aid
international organisation WHO, UN or WB combines donations from several countries and then distributes them to countries in need.
multilateral aid purpose
large scale programs focused on global HWB and sustainable development
provide for those most in need
multilateral aid characteristics
- provided by international organisation
- funded by donations from a number of counties
- medical programs such as large scale vaccination programs to reduce burden of disease
bilateral aid
Aid provided by the government of one country to the governments of another country
bilateral aid purpose
- meet the needs of the country and its people
- builds relationships between countries
bilateral aid characteristics
- long term assistance
- provision of essential infrastructure such as roads and water supply
- focus on education and building schools
emergency aid
advantages and limitations
advantages
- Helps relieve suffering during and after emergencies
- Seeks to keep people alive
- Helps improve short-term health and wellbeing
limitations
- It is short-term and does not seek to eliminate poverty.
- It can lead to dependency upon aid if maintained for too long.
bilateral aid
advantages and limitations
advantages
- Helps reduce poverty and brings about long-term sustainable development.
- Through consultation, meets the needs of the country and its people
limitations
- aid funds may not be spent on their intended purpose.
- Sometimes bilateral aid projects are focused on urban areas and neglect the poorest and remote people.
multilateral aid If the
advantages and limitations
advantages
- Is less tied to the political interests of individual donor countries
- Allows for the efficient pooling of resources to address global issues that require a global approach
limitations
- funds provided to multilateral agencies must be spent by the agency itself for administrative purposes.
priorities for the Australian Government aid program
- Building resilience: humanitarian assistance, disaster rick reduction and social protection
- education and health
- gender equality and empowering women and girls ‘
- effective governance: policies, institutions and functioning economies
- agriculture, fisheries and water
- infrastructure, trade facilitation and international competitiveness
Building resilience: humanitarian assistance, disaster rick reduction and social protection
reduce disaster risk and promote readiness. Strengthen social protection to provide support systems
education and health
investments in better quality education leading productive lives
Australias assistance focussed on maternal and child health in East Africa. particularly mid winery training and newborn care.
gender equality and empowering women and girls ‘
Empowering women and girls can lead to greater levels of education and healthier families. educated women have fewer and healthier children that go to school
effective governance: policies, institutions and functioning economies
investments that promote effective functioning of the public sector. strengthening transparent and accountable law and justice systems. building fairer and broader tax systems
agriculture, fisheries and water
Effective and sustainable farming and fishing practices are critical for the sustainability of our environment; already, over-fishing is threatening our fish supplies and the sustainability of the fishing industry.
infrastructure, trade facilitation and international competitiveness
facilitates trade because it enables people to transport their goods quickly and efficiently
helps families to access healthcare when needed
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NGOs
provide aid that are not affiliated with the government
- community development and poverty reduction
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strengths of NGOs
- focus on implementing programs in communities that may be too small for multilateral organisations to address
- reach those not reached by other types of aid eg remote communities
- establish connections in local communities
world vision description
World Vision is a Christian development organisation that find solutions to problems such as malnutrition, lack of safe drinking water, disease, illiteracy and unemployment or low incomes.
