Chapter 9: Sexual Behavior

Question 1

The internal organs, ovaries in females and testes in males, that produce reproductive cells (eggs and sperm) and secrete sex hormones.

Answer 1

Gonads.

Question 2

The external sexual organs, including the penis and scrotum in males and the labia, clitoris, and lower third of the vagina in females.

Answer 2

External genitalia.

Question 3

A condition in which elements of both male and female development occur in the same fetus.

Answer 3

Intersex.

Question 4

The female gonads; the source of ova and sex hormones.

Answer 4

Ovaries.

Question 5

The male gonads; source of sperm and sex hormones.

Answer 5

Testes.

Question 6

A gene located on the short arm of the Y chromosome that encodes for testis-determining factor.

Answer 6

sex-determining region of the Y chromosome (SRY).

Question 7

The internal system that develops into seminal vesicles, vas deferens, and the prostate gland in males.

Answer 7

Wolffian system.

Question 8

The internal system that develops into a uterus, fallopian tubes, and the upper two thirds of the vagina in the absence of anti-Mullerian hormone.

Answer 8

Mullerian system.

Question 9

An androgen produced primarily in the testes.

Answer 9

Testosterone.

Question 10

A hormone secreted by fetal testes that causes the degeneration of the Mullerian system.

Answer 10

Anti-Mullerian hormone.

Question 11

A steroid hormone that develops and maintains typically masculine characteristics.

Answer 11

Androgen.

Question 12

Includes facial hair and a deeper voice for males and wider hips and breast development for females.

Answer 12

Secondary sex characteristics.

Question 13

A hormone released by the hypothalamus that stimulates the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) by the anterior pituitary gland.

Answer 13

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH).

Question 14

A hormone released by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the development of eggs in the ovaries and sperm in the testes.

Answer 14

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).

Question 15

A hormone released by the anterior pituitary gland that signals the male testes to produce testosterone and that regulates the menstrual cycle in females.

Answer 15

Luteinizing hormone.

Question 16

Also affects a male’s hairline and can result in baldness later in adulthood.

Answer 16

Testosterone.

Question 17

In females, produces breast growth, maturity of the external genitalia, maturity of the uterus, and changes in fat distribution and quantity.

Answer 17

Estradiol.

Question 18

One of several clusters of cells in the ovary each of which contains an egg cell.

Answer 18

Follicle.

Question 19

A female reproductive cell, or egg.

Answer 19

Ovum.

Question 20

The process of releasing a mature egg from the ovary.

Answer 20

Ovulation.

Question 21

A hormone produced in the corpus luteum that prevents the development of additional follicles and promotes the growth of the uterine lining.

Answer 21

Progesterone.

Question 22

A condition in which some women experience physical and psychological symptoms immediately prior to the onset of menstruation.

Answer 22

Premenstrual syndrome.

Question 23

A condition in which premenstrual mood changes are unusually severe.

Answer 23

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD).

Question 24

A condition in which mothers who have recently given birth experience feelings of depression due to their rapidly changing hormonal environment.

Answer 24

Postpartum depression.

Question 25

Three (3) components of love in the triangular theory of love developed by Robert Sternberg.

Answer 25

1. Intimacy 2. Passion 3. Commitment

Question 26

Encompasses feelings of attachment, closeness, connectedness, and bondedness.

Answer 26

Intimacy.

Question 27

Encompasses drives connected to both limerance and sexual attraction.

Answer 27

Passion.

Question 28

Encompasses, in the short term, the decision to remain with one another, and in the long term, the shared achievements and plans made with that other person.

Answer 28

Commitment.

Question 29

ABCDE of intimate relationships.

Answer 29

Acquaintance. Buildup. Consolidation and Continuation. Decline or Deterioration. Ending.

Question 30

Closeness.

Answer 30

Proximity.

Question 31

Repeated interaction.

Answer 31

Exposure.

Question 32

Common preferences.

Answer 32

Similarity.

Question 33

Refers to people's sexual interest in and attraction to others, as well as their capacity to have erotic experiences and responses.

Answer 33

Human sexuality.

Question 34

Three (3) factors affecting sexual frequency.

Answer 34

1. Honeymoon stage / conflict in the relationship 2. Life events 3. Mismatched sex drives

Question 35

Involved in the regulation of sexual and maternal behaviors.

Answer 35

Medial preoptic area (mPOA).

Question 36

Involved in motivation for sexual behavior, but do not affect the ability to engage in it.

Answer 36

Amygdala and nucleus accumbens.

Question 36

Causes reactions of violent anger and increases sexual activity.

Answer 36

Stimulation of the hypothalamus.

Question 37

Believed to be the origin of sexual thoughts and fantasies.

Answer 37

The cerebral cortex.

Question 38

A collection of structures believed to be the origin of emotions and feelings, also important for sexual behavior.

Answer 38

Limbic system.

Question 39

Four (4) parts of the limbic system.

Answer 39

1. Amygdala 2. Hippocampus 3. Cingulate gyrus 4. Septal nucleus

Question 40

Particularly sensitive areas of skin and are connected via the nervous system to the somatosensory cortex in the brain.

Answer 40

Erogenous zones.

Question 41

Brain structure that is particularly important for sexual functioning because it controls the pituitary gland which secretes hormones that control the other glands of the body.

Answer 41

Hypothalamus.

Question 42

Anterior pituitary gland.

Answer 42

- Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) - Luteinizing hormone - Prolactin

Question 43

Posterior pituitary gland.

Answer 43

- Prolactin - Oxytocin

Question 44

Are responsible for ovulation in females and sperm production in males.

Answer 44

FSH & LH.

Question 45

Sometimes called the "love hormone" and is believed to be involved with maintaining close relationships. Also released in females during childbirth and breast-feeding.

Answer 45

Oxytocin.

Question 46

Refers to an enduring pattern of emotional, romantic, and/or sexual attractions to men, women, or both sexes.

Answer 46

Sexual orientation.

Question 47

Also refers to a person's sense of identity based on attractions, related behaviors, and membership in a community of others who share those attractions.

Answer 47

Sexual orientation.

Question 48

Sexual orientation is usually discussed in terms of three (3) categories, which are?

Answer 48

1. Heterosexual 2. Gay / lesbian 3. Bisexual

Question 49

Romantic or sexual attraction to people of any sex or gender identity; attracted to people of all genders.

Answer 49

Pansexual (pansexuality).

Question 50

Defined as a lack of sexual attraction.

Answer 50

Asexual (asexuality).

Question 51

TRUE OR FALSE: Asexuals can still be romantically attracted to other people.

Answer 51

TRUE.

Question 52

Core attractions that form the basis for adult sexual orientation typically emerge between?

Answer 52

Middle childhood and early adolescence.

Question 53

One's innermost concept of self as male, female, a blend of both or neither; how individuals perceive themselves and what they call themselves.

Answer 53

Gender identity.

Question 54

Gender identity vs. sexuality / sexual orientation

Answer 54

Gender identity - How we see ourselves in terms of gender. Sexuality - Who we're emotionally, physically, and romantically attracted to.