Chapter 12: Emotions, Stress, & Health Flashcards
James-Lange theory.
Body before thoughts.
Cannon-Bard theory.
Body with thoughts.
Singer-Schachter / Two-factor theory.
Body plus thoughts/label.
Body/brain without conscious thoughts.
Zajonc, LeDoux, Lazarus.
States that emotion is our conscious awareness of our physiological responses to stimuli.
James-Lange theory.
Asserts that we have a conscious/cognitive experience of an emotion at the same time as our body is responding, not afterward.
Cannon-Bard theory.
Suggests that emotions do not exist until we add a label to whatever body sensations we are feeling.
Schachter-Singer / Two-factor theory.
States that some emotional reactions, especially fears, likes, and dislikes, develop in a “low road” through the brain, skipping conscious thought.
Zajonc, LeDoux, Lazarus (Emotion without awareness/cognition).
If the amygdala is damaged, the emotional consequences are?
Difficulty perceiving negative emotions, particularly fear, expressed by others.
If the frontal lobe is damaged, the emotional consequences are?
Reduced fear and anxiety.
If the left cerebral hemisphere is damaged, the emotional consequences are?
Depression.
If the right cerebral hemisphere is damaged, the emotional consequences are?
Cheerful mood.
The physiological arousal felt during various emotions is orchestrated by the?
Sympathetic nervous system.
“Approach” emotions such as joy, love, goal-seeking correlate with ____ frontal lobe activity.
Left.
“Withdrawal” emotions such as disgust, fear, anger, depression correlate with _____ hemisphere activity.
Right.
Carroll Izzard suggested that there are ten (10) basic emotions, which are?
- Joy
- Anger
- Interest
- Disgust
- Surprise
- Sadness
- Fear
- Contempt
- Shame
- Guilt
Refers to the idea that we can reduce anger by “releasing” it, and we do this by acting aggressively.
Catharsis myth.
When in a good mood, we do more for others. Doing good feels good.
Feel-good, do-good phenomenon.
Example is when our wealth or other life conditions improve, we are happier compared to our past audition.
Adaptation-level phenomenon.
Feeling worse off by comparing yourself to people who are doing better.
Relative deprivation.
Six (6) common characteristics of happy people.
- Have high self-esteem.
- Be optimistic, outgoing, and agreeable.
- Have close friendships or a satisfying marriage.
- Have work and leisure that engage their skills.
- Have an active religious faith.
- Sleep well and exercise.
Refers to the assumption that negative outcomes will happen, and often facing them by complaining and/or giving up.
Pessimism.
The stress hormone that helps our bodies respond to brief stress.
Cortisol.
This means reducing the stressors, such as by working out a conflict, or tackling a difficult project.
Problem-focused coping.
This means reducing the emotional impact of stress by getting support, comfort, and perspective from others.
Emotion-focused coping.
Refers to sustained activity that raises heart rate and oxygen consumption.
Aerobic exercise.
A plan to slow down the pace of one’s life, accept imperfection, and renew faith.
Lifestyle modification.
Can reduce headaches, high blood pressure, anxiety, insomnia, and improve immune functioning.
Relaxation techniques.
Relaxed muscles, lower blood pressure, and slowed heart rate and breathing.
Relaxation response.
