Chapter 8: Hunger, Eating, & Health Flashcards
Describes the wants or needs that direct behavior toward a goal; the process of activating and directing behavior.
Motivation.
This is when intrinsic motivation is diminished when extrinsic motivation is given.
Over justification effect.
An important contributor to early research into motivation, often referred to as the father of psychology in the United States.
William James.
It is a species-specific pattern of behavior that is not learned.
Instinct.
The theory that states that deviations from homeostasis create psychological needs.
Drive theory of motivation.
It is a pattern of behavior in which we regularly engage.
Habit.
Bored and seeking of stimulation.
Underaroused.
In this state, we engage in behaviors to reduce our arousal.
Overaroused.
This states that a simple task is performed best when arousal levels are relatively high and complex tasks are best performed when arousal levels are lower.
Yerkes-Dodson law.
It is an individual’s belief in their capability to complete a task, which may include a previous successful completion of the exact task or a similar task.
Self-efficacy.
Refers to the needs for achievement, affiliation, and intimacy.
Social motives.
This measures the physiological arousal of an individual responding to a series of questions.
Polygraph (lie detector test).
A physiological state of equilibrium or balance.
Homeostasis.
A value that is defended by regulatory systems, such as core temperature or a particular body weight.
Set point.
An animal that can use internal methods, such as perspiration or shivering, to maintain body temperature.
Endotherm.
An animal that relies on external methods, such as moving into the sun or shade, for maintaining body temperature.
Ectotherm.
The temperature set point that humans defend.
37 degrees Celsius (98.6 degrees Fahrenheit).
A carefully controlled increase in the body’s thermal set point that is often helpful in ridding the body of disease-causing organisms.
Fever.
A chemical produced by bacteria or viruses that contributes to the production of a fever.
Pyrogen.
A life-threatening condition in which core body temperature increases beyond normal limits in an uncontrolled manner.
Hyperthermia (heat stroke).
A potentially fatal core body temperature below 31 degrees Celsius (87.8 degrees Fahrenheit).
Hypothermia.
Feelings of satisfaction/fullness.
Satiation.
An adult with a body mass index (BMI) between 25 and 29.9 is considered?
Overweight.
Having a BMI over 40?
Morbid obesity.
