Chapter 9 Ordinary Construction Flashcards
Adobe
Large, roughly molded, sun-dried clay units of varying sizes.
Arched truss
A truss with an arched upper chord and a straight bottom chord, with vertical hangers between the two chords.
Ashlar masonry
Stone cut in rectangular units.
Cantilever wall
A freestanding wall unsecured at the top that acts like a cantilever beam with respect to lateral loads, such as wind or a hose stream.
Cast in place concrete
Includes plain concrete, reinforced concrete, and post tensioned concrete. This concrete is molded in the location in which it is expected to remain.
Cavity wall
Hollow wall in which wythes are tied together with steel ties or masonry trusses.
Cockloft
Void space between the top floor ceiling and the roof.
Composite wall
Two different masonry materials, such as brick and concrete block, used in a wall and designed to react as one unit under load.
Concrete masonry unit
Precast hollow or solid structural block. Sometimes referred to as cinder block.
Concrete topping
Concrete placed over the first floor wood floors for fire resistance or to provide sanitary floors.
Coping
The masonry cap on top of a wall.
Cornice
A projecting decorative (ledge) at the top of a masonry wall.
Course
A horizontal line of masonry.
Cross wall
Any wall set at a right angle to any other wall; the walls should brace one another.
Dog iron
Connects the girders and imparts some lateral stability under normal conditions; resembles a big staple.
Fire limit
Older code provision that would not allow a structure to be built without the use of exterior masonry walls that would limit fire extension.
Fireproof
Material applied to structural elements or systems that provides increased fire resistance; usually serves no structural function.
Flying buttress
Masonry pier at a distance from the wall and connected to it that resist the outward thrust of the roof.
Header or bond course
Bricks laid so that the end is visible.
Hollow masonry wall
Two connected wythes of masonry with an air space in between.
Joist hanger
Metal angle or strap used to support an individual joist against a beam or a girder.
Light well
Small court commonly placed in large buildings to admit daylight into interior areas not exposed to an open view.
Masonry column
Masonry bracing incorporated into unstable masonry walls; also called piers, buttresses, pilasters, or columns.
Masonry wire truss
Wire truss embedded into the mortar in specified courses, making the header course no longer necessary.
Mezzanine
A low ceilinged story located between two main stories; usually constructed directly above the ground floor, often projecting over it as a balcony.
Ordinary construction
Buildings in which the exterior walls are non-combustible or limited combustible, but the interior floors and walls are made of combustible materials.
Parging (pargetting)
Application of mortar to the back of the facing material or the face or the backing material.
Party wall
A structural wall that is common to two buildings.
Pintle
Square metal device used to transfer loads of columns on upper floors by passing the loads through intervening beams and girders to metal column caps on the column below.
Rubble masonry
Rough stones of irregular shapes and sizes, used in rough, uncoursed work in the construction of walls and foundations.
Rubble masonry wall
A wall composed of an inner and outer wythe of coursed masonry. The space between is filled with random masonry sometimes mixed with mortar. Such walls are unstable to a lateral thrust.
Solid masonry walls
Masonry units (either solid or hollow) laid contiguously with the joints filled with mortar.
Stretcher course
Bricks laid so that the long side is visible.
Strip mall
Modern one story retail occupancy building that typically has a lightweight wood truss roof and concrete block walls (type III construction) or steel bar joist and a metal deck roof with a masonry wall (type II construction).
Tenement
Multistory working class apartment buildings constructed in the 1800s and early 1900s often substandard in terms of fire safety and health.
Terra-cotta tile
Made of clay and fine sand and fired in a kiln.
Tied arch
Arch in which a steel tension rod ties the ends of the arch together to eliminate the need for the masonry.
Type III construction
Ordinary construction.
Unreinforced masonry
Ordinary masonry walls are not reinforced, so they have no resistance to lateral movement.
Veneer wall
A wall with a masonry facing that is not bonded but is attached to a wall so as to form an integral part of the wall.
Wythe
A single continuous vertical wall of bricks, one masonry unit in thickness.
