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Building Construction > Chapter 7 wood frame construction > Flashcards

Chapter 7 wood frame construction Flashcards

1
Q

Asbestos cement shingle

A

A “fireproof” roofing shingle that is composed of cement reinforced with asbestos fibers.

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2
Q

Asphalt felt siding

A

A type of siding manufactured by saturating a dry felt with asphalt, then coating it with a fine glass fiber.

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3
Q

Balloon frame

A

A wooden structure in which all vertical studs in the exterior bearing walls extend the full height of the frame from sill to roof. No firestops are present within the walls.

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4
Q

Batten

A

A type of siding that uses vertical strips of wood to cover joints.

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5
Q

Bottom plate

A

A structural member laid on the subfloor where the vertical studs are installed.

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6
Q

Bridging

A

Braces placed between parallel frame members to prevent movement from their vertical axis. Also known as cross bracing.

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7
Q

Cantilevered

A

A type of construction in which an overhang is supported from only one end where one floor extends beyond and over a foundation wall.

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8
Q

Chamfer

A

To cut off the corners of a timber to retard ignition.

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9
Q

Chipboard

A

Wood chips that are glued together to make flat sheets. Often used in the floor construction of mobile homes.

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10
Q

Corrugated metal siding

A

Grooved panels utilized on industrial buildings of wood or steel framing; it poses an electrical hazard from stray electrical wires or lightning.

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11
Q

Curtain wall

A

A non-loadbearing wall that carries no weight other than its own. It is installed only to keep out the weather.

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12
Q

End matched

A

A descriptor for lumber with tongues and grooves at the ends.

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13
Q

Engineered wood

A

In the construction trade, laminated timbers. In this text, wood modified from its natural state.

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14
Q

English Tudor

A

Balloon frame structure finished to resemble post and frame construction.

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15
Q

Finger joints

A

Interlocking wood pieces that are glued together to create a longer piece of dimensional lumber.

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16
Q

Flitch plate girder

A

Composite of a steel plate or plywood sandwiched between two beams.

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17
Q

Glued laminated timber

A

Planks glued together to form a solid timber.

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18
Q

Header

A

A joist that parallels floor/roof beams and is used to create an opening.

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19
Q

Heavy timber

A

Buildings constructed with non-combustible or limited combustible exterior walls and floors made of large dimension combustible materials. Also known as type IV construction.

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20
Q

Hip

A

The rafter at the angle where two sloping roofs or sides of a roof meet.

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21
Q

Joist

A

Wooden 2 x 8’s, 2 x 10’s, or 2 x 12‘s that run parallel to one another and support a floor or ceiling and are supported in turn by larger beams, girders, or bearing walls.

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22
Q

Legacy construction

A

In terms of wood frame construction, the use of solid wood members as opposed to lightweight wood trusses and wooden I-joists.

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23
Q

log cabin

A

Structure constructed of entire tree trunks, as opposed to boards sawn from trees.

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24
Q

Lumber

A

Wood that has been sawn and planed.

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25
Q

Matched lumber

A

Tongue and grooved lumber (usually lengthwise).

26
Q

Metal siding

A

A type of siding that is often made to look like another type of siding - for example, stone or clapboards.

27
Q

Mortise and tenon

A

Joints that are fitted together to transfer loads properly.

28
Q

Novelty siding

A

Combustible siding laid over the sheathing of a building. This type of siding comes in many different shapes and is laid horizontally.

29
Q

Oriented flakeboard

A

Another name for OSB.

30
Q

Oriented strand board (OSB)

A

A type of board made of layers of strands of wood cut from logs, with a fairly constant width to length ratio.

31
Q

Plank and beam

A

Used in modern construction, a woodframe structure built with heavier beams that are spaced much farther apart than the traditional 16 inches.

32
Q

Platform frame

A

A structure in which subflooring is laid on the joists, and the frame for the first floor walls is erected on the first floor.

33
Q

Plywood

A

Wood panels manufactured with the grain of alternate plies laid at right angles to develop the approximate equal strength in either direction.

34
Q

Plywood siding

A

4 foot wide sheets that give the appearance of 4 inch wide strips about a half inch apart.

35
Q

Post and frame

A

A woodframe structure with an identifiable frame or skeleton of timber fitted together. Joints are constructed by mortise and tenon, fitted together to transfer loads properly.

36
Q

Pyrolytic decomposition

A

The chemical decomposition of a compound into one or more other substances by heat alone; pyrolysis often proceeds combustion.

37
Q

Rafters

A

Wood members used to support the roof sheeting and loads.

38
Q

Ridge board

A

A structural member placed on the ridge of the roof onto which the upper ends of rafters are fastened.

39
Q

Rough carpentry

A

All the wood framing members and sheathing of a building. Also known as framing.

40
Q

Rough lumber

A

Lumber that is left as sawn on all four sides.

41
Q

Sawn beam

A

Wooden beam sawn out of a tree trunk. To some extent, these beams have been replaced by the wooden I-beam due to the weight and cost of the true wooden beam.

42
Q

Sill

A

Component found on the bottom of the frame of a wood structure. It rests on and is bolted to the foundation.

43
Q

Soffit

A

False space above built-in cabinets, usually in the kitchen, or in the undersides or stairways and projecting eaves.

44
Q

Spliced timber

A

Due to the shortage of solid timbers, these members are joined together by various metal connectors to transfer loads so that the spliced timber acts as a single member.

45
Q

Spline

A

Wooden strips that fit into grooves in two adjacent planks to make a tight floor.

46
Q

Stringers

A

A component of a set of stairs used to support risers (vertical stair components between treads) and treads (horizontal stair components on which people place their feet).

47
Q

Stucco

A

An exterior plaster finish made of Portland cement.

48
Q

Stud

A

A column in a frame building, usually nominal 2 x 4“ or 2 x 6“.

49
Q

Subflooring

A

Laid on top of the joists, the structural member that serves as the base for the finished floor.

50
Q

Top plate

A

Top horizontal member of a wood frame wall that supports the ceiling joists.

51
Q

Trimmer

A

A piece of lumber that supports a header and can be found in floor openings such as stairwells (runs perpendicular to floor joists).

52
Q

Trunnel

A

Wooden peg used to pin together mortise and tenon joists.

53
Q

Truss frame

A

Developed by the US Forest Products Laboratory, a type of wood frame that substitutes sawn beams for truss members used in roofs and floors. It is held together with nails.

54
Q

Truss void

A

Found within a truss roof system, a void space located between the top floor ceiling and the roof. Also known as a cockloft.

55
Q

Valley

A

The lower slope formed by the connection of two inclined planes of a roof.

56
Q

Vermiculite

A

Mineral used as bulk insulation and as an aggregate in insulating.

57
Q

Vinyl siding

A

A thermoplastic that will deform and drip when introduced to a fire situation. Often made to look like wood siding.

58
Q

Wall bearing

A

A descriptor indicating a structure in which the entire structural load is carried on the walls; the opposite of a curtain wall.

59
Q

Wood

A

A hard fibrous material forming the major part of trees. It is usually milled or otherwise processed for use in construction.

60
Q

Wood framed

A

Building with exterior walls, interior walls, floors, and roofs made of combustible wood material.

61
Q

Wood lath

A

Narrow, rough strips of wood nailed to studs. Plaster is spread on wood laths. Generally no longer used, wood lath is present in many existing buildings.

62
Q

Wooden walled building

A

A wall bearing building that carries the load of the structure and the contents.

Building Construction (14 decks)

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