Chapter 9: Motivation Flashcards
a stimulus or force that cad direct behavior, thinking and feeling.
Motivation
drive to continue the behavior because of external reinforcers. (Getting a paycheck)
Extrinsic motivation
the drive to continue a behavior because of internal reinforcers. (if it makes you feel something positive inside)
Intrinsic motivation
believes that homeostasis drives us to meet biological needs.
Drive-reduction theory
humans are motivated to seek an optimal level of arousal or alertness and engagement in the world
Arousal Theory
Physiological needs, safety, love and belonging, esteem, Self-actualization, Self-transcendence
a continuum of needs that are universal and ordered in terms of their strength of their associated drive
MASLOW’S HIERARCHY
food, sleep, water. To have a balance of bodily systems
Physiological needs
security, stability, shelter, protection. To feel safe and secure
Safety
family bonds, close friends, sense of community. To feel a part of the group and have a relationship
Love and belonging
financial independence, completing education, competence. Achieve, have self respect, and feelings of independence
Esteem
to strive for one’s fullest potential. Self-fulfillment, being the best in one’s field, expressing one’s creativity
Self-actualization
to extend beyond yourself. Dedication to a cause, deep spiritual experiences, and supporting others’ goals.
Self-transcendence
lower amount of sleep, equals increased weight gain
Sleep on weight
more time spent in front of a screen, increased weight gain
Screen time on weight
a psychological state that includes a subjective inner experience, a physiological component, and behavior expression.
EMOTION
Facial expressions of an emotion can affect that experience of that emotion. Fake-it-to-Make-it
Facial feedback hypothesis
Happiness, sadness, anger, and fear
Ekman’s faces: universal facial expressions
see a stimulus, it hits the thalamus, it sends it to the amygdala, the sends it to hypothalamus and Medulla, then it goes to the autonomic nervous system, sympathetic nervous system.
Pathways to fear (amygdala)
survival of the fittest. Adaptive purposes
Evolution and fear
fight and flight response
Autonomic nervous system and fear
