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AQA A-Level History: Stuart Britain > Chapter 9: Long Parliament > Flashcards

Chapter 9: Long Parliament Flashcards

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1
Q

When were Laud and Wentworth impeached?

A

November 1640

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2
Q

Why was wentworth impeached by Parliament?

3

A
  • He was a scapegoat, they went after councillors instead of Charles
  • For his role in the Irish Rebellion
  • He was raising money for war against the Scots
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3
Q

Why did Parliament bring in the Bill of Attainder when during wentworths impeachment?

A

He was very good at defending himself

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4
Q

What was the Bill of Attainder (Wentworth)?

A

Stated that if someone was a threat to the state they could be impeached without formal trial

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5
Q

what was the impact of wentworths impeachment?

What to do with him after?

A

It divided Parliament

-Some moderates believed he just needed to imprisoned and some wanted him executed

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6
Q

When did the long parliament begin?

A

3rd November 1640

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7
Q

When was Bedford’s proposed financial settlement?

A

February 1641

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8
Q

What was Bedford’s proposed financial settlement?

Brief

A

Earl of Bedford’s scheme to reform Crown finances by bridging gap between Crown and Parliament

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9
Q

What was on Bedford’s proposed financial settlement?

4

A
  • Abolition of confrontational financial and politica aspects of personal rule
  • Return to elizabethan-based broad Protestant church
  • Separate financial settlement for charles
  • Proposed he become Lord Treasurer and Pym become Chancellor of the Exchequer
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10
Q

What stopped Bedford’s proposed financial settlement from passing?
2

A
  • Charles was reluctant to compromise

- Bedford died in may 1641

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11
Q

When was the Triennial Act?

A

15th February 1641

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12
Q

What was the Trennial Act?
3
ship money?
Parliament?

A
  • Abolished ship money w/o parliament’s consent
  • Stated that Charles had to call a parliament every 3 years and each should last for minimum 50 days
  • If he didn’t parliament would assemble anyway
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13
Q

What was the impact of the Triennial Act?

A

No more prolonged periods of personal rule

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14
Q

When was the Root and Branch Petition?

A

March 1641

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15
Q

What was the root and branch petition?
Who supported it?
What did it demand?
Who signed it?

A

Pym

Demanded end of bishops and episcopacy

Signed by 15,000 londoners in Dec 1640

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16
Q

What was the impact of the Root and branch petition?
Parliament?
4

A

Debated in parliament February 1641

  • Caused division
  • People saw getting rid of structure in the church as undermining the social order
  • polarised parliament into two factions
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17
Q

When was the army plot?

A

3rd May 1641

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18
Q

What was the army plot?
Pym?
3

A
  • Pym revealed rumours of royalist ‘army plot’ to parliament
  • attempt of officers to seize the tower of london, release wentworth and dissolve parliament
  • believed charles was involved but there was no evidence
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19
Q

What was the impact of the army plot?
Loyalty?
Parliament?

A

Parliament passed a bill saying that they could not be dissolved without their own consent
- Charles agreed on the 10th may

Protestation oath

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20
Q

When did the london crowd come to defend the tower of london?

A

May 1641

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21
Q

What did the london crowd do in response to the army plot and was its impact?

A
  • Came out to defend the tower of london

- Shows power and policisation of the people, scared charles

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22
Q

When was the Protestation oath?

A

3rd May 1641

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23
Q

What was the protestation oath?

Who wrote it?

A

Everyone over 18 had to swear allegiance to charles and the church of england

Parliament

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24
Q

What was the significance/reasons of the protestation oath?
Wentworth?
Laudianism

A

Assures that hey are not going against charles in executing wentworth

Allegiance to protestant cofe means they can go against laudianism

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25
Q

When was wentworth executed?

A

12th May 1641

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26
Q

Charles involvement in wentworths execution?

A

He had to give his royal assent

-he did so as he feared for his family

27
Q

What was the impact of wentworths execution?

1

A

Charles was less willing to negotiate with parliament

28
Q

When were the ten propositions?

A

24th June 1641

29
Q

What were the ten propositions?

3

A
  • Parliament had input into who was in the privy council
  • Parliament had control over who was around the queen
  • Parliament had control over religious education for royal children
30
Q

What was the impact/significance of the ten propositions?

1

A

Parliament were taking control over the king, encroaching on his rights

31
Q

When was the reaction in scotland?

A

August 1641

32
Q

What was the reaction in scotland in August 1641

Why?
What did charles do?

A
  • Many scots felt the radical covenanters had gone too far
  • August 1640- 18 scottish nobles signed cumbernauld band stating a desire to defend the king
  • Charles accepted abolition of episcopacy in scotland and reforms to compromise
33
Q

What was the impact of the reaction in scotland?

1

A

Divisions in scotland

34
Q

What was the impact of the oct 1641 irish rebellion in england?

A

Press exaggerated massacres

  • Fear of catholicism and invasion of its forces
  • radicalised english protestants
35
Q

When was the ‘incident’?

A

12th October 1641

36
Q

What was the ‘incident’?

Who were the instigators?

A

Royalist plot to kidnap radical scottish covenanters while charles was in scotland
-instigators were extreme royalists and moderate covenanters

37
Q

What was the impact of the ‘incident’?

1

A

Charles lost hope of support in scotland as he was linked to the plot

38
Q

When was the grand remonstrance first discussed?

A

22nd November 1641

39
Q

Who wrote the grand remonstrance?

A

Pym

40
Q

What was the grand remonstrance?
What was special about it?
Religion

A

List of grievances and criticisms of Charles entire rule since 1625

Addressed religious concerns and stated that Assmbly of Divines was to be held at Westminster to discuss religious settlement

41
Q

What was the impact of the grand remonstrance?
Moderates?
5

A
  • Moderates were alarmed by harsh anti-catholic language
  • Was seen as a direct attack on charles
  • polarised parliament
  • Dividing state and religion
  • Sidelined religious battle
42
Q

What was important about the timing of the grand remonstrance?

A

Timed Just after charles got back from scotland

-to persuade london crowd that charles couldn’t be trusted with an army

43
Q

When was the militia bill proposed?

A

December 1641

44
Q

What was the militia bill?

What did it propose?

A

-Remove kings power over trained bands (local militia) and give parliament power to appoint commanders

45
Q

What was the impact of the militia bill?
Charles, constitution?
1

A

-Charles published his response an declared himself defender of the constitution which won him some favour with constitutional royalists

46
Q

When were the common elections?

A

December 1641

47
Q

What were the common elections?
What did they produce?
2

A
  • Elections for the common council

- Produced a much more radical body willing to organise popular support for pym

48
Q

What was the impact of the common elections?
1
Bishops?

A

-Over christmas, pym and radical mp’s used london crowd to put pressure on House of Lords to excude bishops

49
Q

When was the grand remonstrance passed?

A

1st December 1641

50
Q

What was significant about the passing of the grand remonstrance?
2

A
  • Passed with an 11 person majority after 12 hour debate

- Shows division in Parliament

51
Q

When did charles respond to the grand remonstrance?

A

23rd December 1641

52
Q

What was significant about charles’ response to the grand remonstrance?
2
timing?

A
  • Took three weeks, which angered parliament

- Refused to remove bishops

53
Q

When was the five members coup?

A

4th January 1642

54
Q

What was the five members coup?
Who 5?
Events?
2

A

Charles impeached Pym, Hampden, Haselrig, Holles, Strode and Montagu

Charles stormed Parliament to arrest the 5 but they had been warned and weren’t there

55
Q 
What was the impact of the 5 members coup?
4
Pym?
Public?
Charles?
A
  • Complete failure
  • Pym used it as proof of the danger posed
  • Popular demonstrations against it
  • Charles had to take his family from london to hampton court
56
Q

When was the exclusion bill passed?

A

February 1642

57
Q

What was the exclusion bill?
How was it started?
2

A
  • Stopped bishops sitting in the house of lords

- Petitioning campaign at end of dec. 1641 w/ 30,000 sig

58
Q

When was the militia bill issued as an ordinance and when was the ordinance passed?

A
  • Feb 1642

- March 1642

59
Q

What was the significance of the passing of the militia ordinance?
Charles?
Money?
2

A
  • Passed w/o charles permission

- Parliament proposed the raising of £400,000 by ship money

60
Q

What did charles do in hull in April 1642?

2

A
  • He seized leftover military supplies

- Acted against constitutional royalist propaganda

61
Q

when were the 19 propositions?

A

June 1642

62
Q 
What were the 19 propositions?
4
Privy council?
5?
Church?
Bills?
A
  • All privy councillors must be approved by parliament
  • 5 impeached MP’s to be pardoned
  • Charles had to accept the triennial act and militia ordinance
  • Parliament to direct a reformation of the church
63
Q

What was the impact of the 19 propostions?
Constitutional royalists?
2

A

Response from constitutional royalists:

-Saw king as a force to prevent anarchy and parliament was evil

64
Q

When did charles declare war on parliament?

A

23rd August 1642

AQA A-Level History: Stuart Britain (12 decks)

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