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Human A&P > Chapter 9 Joints > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Joints Flashcards

1
Q

joints, or articulations, are classified on the basis of their degree of movement. identify the correct order on basis of no movement- slight movement- freely movement

A

synarthrosis
amphiarthrosis
diarthrosis

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2
Q

the amphiarthrotic articulation that limits movements between the two pubic bones

A

pubic symphysis

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3
Q

the type of synarthrosis that binds each tooth to the surrounding bony socket

A

gomphosis

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4
Q

functions of the synovial fluid that fills the joint cavity

A

nourishes chondrocytes
provides lubrication
shock absorber

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5
Q

the reason that elbow and knee are called hinge joints

A

they permit angular movement in a single plane

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6
Q

the knee joint functions as a

A

hinge joint

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7
Q

the joint that permits the greatest range of motion of any joint in the body

A

shoulder joint

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8
Q

body movements occur at joints where two bones connect

A

articulations

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9
Q

based on range of motion of the joint

A

functional

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10
Q

the anatomical observation of the joint

A

structural

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11
Q

immovable joint

A

synarthrosis

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12
Q

slightly movable joint

A

amphiarthrosis

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13
Q

freely movable joint

A

diarthrosis

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14
Q

4 structural classifications

A

bony
fibrous
cartilaginous
synovial

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15
Q

four types of synarthrotic joints

A

suture
gomphosis
synchondrosis
synostosis

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16
Q

bones are interlocked, bound by dense fibrous connective tissue, found only in skull

A

suture

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17
Q

fibrous connection, binds teeth to sockets

A

gomphosis

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18
Q

is a rigid cartilaginous bridge between epiphyseal cartilage of long bones, and vertebrosternal ribs and sternum

A

synchondrosis

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19
Q

fused bones, immovable, metabolic suture of skull, epiphyseal of long bones

A

synostosis

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20
Q

more movable than synarthrosis, stronger than freely movable joint

A

amphiarthroses

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21
Q

two types of amphiarthroses:

A

syndesmosis: bones connected by ligaments
symphysis: bones separated by fibrous cartilage

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22
Q

movable joints, at ends of long bones, within articular capsules, lines with synovial membrane

A

synovial joints

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23
Q

components of synovial joints:

A

articular cartilage
synovial fluid
accessory structures

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24
Q

contains slippery proteoglycans secreted by fibroblasts

A

synovial fluid

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25
Q

superficial to the joint capsule, protect articular cartilages

A

fat pads

26
Q

support and strengthens joints

A

ligaments

27
Q

ligaments with torn collagen fibers

A

sprain

28
Q

attach to muscles around joint, helps support joint

A

tendons

29
Q

pockets of synovial fluid, cushions areas where tendons or ligaments rub

A

bursae

30
Q

articulating surfaces forced out of position, damages articular cartilages, ligaments, joint capsules

A

dislocation

31
Q

a partial dislocation

A

subluxation

32
Q

types of dynamic motion

A

linear motion
angular motion
rotation

33
Q

planes of dynamic motion

A

monaxial
biaxial
triaxial

34
Q

two surfaces slide past each other, between carpal or tarsal bones

A

linear motion

35
Q

circular motion without rotation, angular motion

A

circumduction

36
Q

rotates toward axis (inward)

A

medial rotation

37
Q

rotates away from axis (outward)

A

lateral rotation

38
Q

classification of synovial joints by shape

A 
gliding
hinge
pivot
ellipsoid
saddle
ball-and-socket
39
Q

oval articular face with a depression, biaxial

A

ellipsoid joints

40
Q

two concave, straddled, biaxial

A

saddle joints

41
Q

rounded articular face in a depression, triaxial

A

ball-and-socket joints

42
Q

pads of fibrous cartilage, separate vertebral bodies

A

intervertebral discs

43
Q

tough outer layer, attaches disc to vertebrae

A

anulus fibrosus

44
Q

elastic gelatinous core, absorbs shock

A

nucleus puiposis

45
Q

connects anterior bodies

A

anterior longitudinal ligament

46
Q

connects posterior bodies

A

posterior longitudinal ligament

47
Q

connects laminae

A

ligamentum flavum

48
Q

connects spinous processes

A

interspinous ligament

49
Q

connects tips of spinous processes

A

supraspinous ligament

50
Q

continues supraspinous ligament

A

ligamentum nuchae

51
Q

shoulder ligaments

A 
glenohumeral 
coracohumeral
coraco-acromial
coracoclavicular
acromioclavicular
52
Q

deepens socket of glenoid cavity, fibrous cartilage lining, extends past the bone

A

glenoid labrum

53
Q

largest articulation, trochlea of humerus and trochlear notch of ulna

A

humero-ulnar joint

54
Q

smaller articulation, capitulum of humerus and head of radius

A

humeroradial joint

55
Q

attached to radial tuberosity, controls elbow motion

A

radial tuberosity

56
Q

radial collateral, annular, ulnar collateral

A

elbow ligaments

57
Q

a pain and stiffness of skeletal and muscular systems

A

rheumatism

58
Q

all forms of rheumatism that damage articular cartilages of synovial joints

A

arthritis

59
Q

caused by wear and tear of joint surfaces, or genetic factor affecting collagen formation

A

osteoarthritis

60
Q

an inflammatory condition, caused by infection, allergy, or autoimmune disease

A

rheumatoid arthritis

61
Q

occurs when crystals form within synovial fluid due to metabolic disorders

A

gouty arthritis

Human A&P (14 decks)

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