Chapter 9: Cellular Respiration

Question 1

Give the overall reaction for cellular respiration

Answer 1

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + ATP

Glucose + Oxygen Gas → Carbon Dioxide Gas + Water + ATP

Question 2

How are excess electrons used during the last step of the electron transport chain?

Answer 2

Excess protons are attached to excess Oxygen atoms in Complex IV, which bond to form H₂O

Question 3

Where in a cell does the electron transport chain take place?

Answer 3

The inner membrane of the mitochondrion

Question 4

What is the purpose of the electron transport chain?

Answer 4

Creating a proton gradient outside of the mitochondria allowing ATP synthase to function

Question 5

ATP Synthase functions based on a ______ between the inside and outside of the mitochondria

Answer 5

proton gradient

Question 6

In prokaryotes, the entire cellular respiration process takes place in the _______

Answer 6

Cytoplasm

Question 7

Pyruvate processing occurs in the _____ in eukaryotes

Answer 7

Cytoplasm

Question 8

What is the energy yield of oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 8

Anywhere from 25-32 ATP, it depends on conditions

Question 9

Fermentation occurs in the _____

Answer 9

Cytoplasm

Question 10

What is a facultative anaerobe

Answer 10

An organism that can switch between aerobic respiration and fermentation. Only use fermentation when oxygen isn’t available. EX: humans (lactic acid fermentation)

Question 11

What is the energy yield of glycolysis?

Answer 11

2 ATP and 2 NADH

Question 12

Pyruvate processing yields what:

Answer 12

2 NADH and 2 Acetyl-CoA

Question 13

T or F: The Citric Acid Cycle is NOT the same as the Krebs Cycle

Answer 13

False, the nomenclature is interchangeable

Question 14

Glycolysis yields:

Answer 14

2 ATP, 2 NADH and 2 Pyruvates

Question 15

Pyruvate processing yields:

Answer 15

2 NADH and 2 Acetyl-CoA

Question 16

Pyruvate processing occurs in the:

Answer 16

Mitochondrial Matrix (intermembrane space)

Question 17

Overall, the Krebs Cycle produced:

Answer 17

3 NADH, 1 FADH₂, 1 GTP (aka ATP) per turn

The krebs cycle normally occurs twice per “cycle” of cellular respiration

Question 18

The cellular respiration ETC produced a hydrogen ion gradient by pumping H⁺ ions to the _______

Answer 18

Intermembrane space.

ATP synthase will take H⁺ ions from the intermembrane space and use them to create ATP, then will deposit the used H⁺ ions into the inner mitochondrial membrane (cristae)

Question 19

Water is produced as a waste product from Complex ____ of the cellular respiration ETC

Answer 19

IV (4)

Question 20

The electron carrier protein that operates from Complex III to Complex IV is called _____

Answer 20

Cytochrome C