Chapter 9 Cell Communication Flashcards
This is a signaling molecule
Ligand
Cellular protein that binds the ligand
Receptor protein
Each receptor is ________ and only bind to one ligand
Specific
What are the four basic mechanisms of cell communication
1) direct contact
2) paracrine signaling
3) endocrine signaling
4) synaptic signaling
This type of cell communication is when two cells are in direct contact and may send signals across gap junctions
Direct contact communication
What is the name of cell communication when secretions from one cell have an effect only on cells in the immediate area
Paracrine signaling
Type of cell communication where hormones are released into the organisms circulatory system which carries them to the target cells
Endocrine signaling
This type of cell communication involves transmission of signal molecules called neurotransmitters from a neuron over a small synaptic gap to the target cell
Synaptic signaling
Cellular responses to a signal are collectively called
Signal transduction
Class of enzyme that adds phosphate groups from ATP to proteins is called
Protein kinase
Enzyme that removes phosphate groups from proteins
Phosphatases
What is the simplest and most direct of all receptor types and directly influence gene expression
Steroid hormone
What allows steroids to easily cross the membrane to bind to the receptor i the cytoplasm
They have a nob polar structure
Give one example of a receptor acting as an enzyme
Nitric oxide ( NO)
Cells response to s hormone depends on the presence of ____________ and ___________.
A receptor and coactivators
