Chapter 9: Attraction and Relationships Flashcards
What is the PROPINQUITY EFFECT?
the finding that the more we see and interact with people, the more likely they are to become our friends
What is the MERE EXPOSURE EFFECT?
the finding that the more exposure we have to a stimulus, the more apt we are to liking it; we have associate positive feelings with familiarity
What is SIMILARITY?
attraction to people who are like usW
What is COMPLEMENTARY?
attraction to people who are opposite to us
What is MISATTRIBUTION OF AROUSAL?
the process whereby people make mistaken inferences about what is causing them to feel the way they do
What is SOCIAL COMPENSATION HYPOTHESIS?
online friendships are more likely to be formed by lonely, introverted people who lack social skills to form relationships in person
What is PASSIONATE/ROMANTIC LOVE?
the feelings of intense longing, accompanied by physiological arousal, that we feel for another person
What is COMPANIONATE LOVE?
the feelings of intimacy and affection we feel toward someone with whom our lives are deeply intertwined
What is ATTACHMENT THEORY?
the theory that our behaviour in adult relationships is based on our experiences as infants with our parents or caregivers (secure, avoidant, anxious/ambivalent)
What is SOCIAL EXCHANGE THEORY?
theory about how people feel about a relationship depends on their perceptions of the rewards and costs of the relationships, the kind of relationship they deserve, and the probability that they could have a better relationship with someone else
What is REWARD/COST RATIO?
the notion that there is a balance bw the rewards that from from a relationship and the personal cost of maintaining it; if the ratio is not favourable, the result is dissatisfaction with the relationship
What is COMPARISON LEVEL?
people’s expectations about the levels of rewards and costs they deserve in a relationship
What is COMPARISON LEVEL FOR ALTERNATIVES?
people’s expectations about the level of rewards and costs they would experience in an alternate relationship
What is the INVESTMENT MODEL in terms of relationship satisfaction?
the theory that people’s commitment to a relationship depends on their satisfaction with the relationship in terms of costs, rewards, and comparison level, and how much they have invested in the relationship that would be lost by leaving it
What is EQUITY THEORY?
the theory that people are happiest with relationships in which the rewards and costs that a person experiences and the contributions they make to the relationship are roughly equal to the rewards, costs, and contributions of the other person
What are EXCHANGE RELATIONSHIPS?
relationships governed by the need for equity; people keep track of who is contributing what, and feel taken advantage of when they feel they’re putting more into the relationship than they’re getting out of it
What are COMMUNAL RELATIONSHIPS?
relationships in which people’s primary concern is being responsive to the other person’s needs
What are POSITIVE ILLUSIONS?
idealization of our romantic relationships and partners in order to maintain the relationship; used in times of conflict and disappointment
