Chapter 9-A New Nation Flashcards
What limits the power of the gov’t and protects the rights of the individual?
The Bill of Rights
What amendments make up the Bill of Rights?
1st Ten Amendments of the Constitution
What is the difference between a law and an amendment?
Law-A bill that gets passed
Amendment-A change to an existing law
How does an amendment get proposed?
An amendment may be proposed by2/3 of Congress or 2/3 of the states
How does an amendment then get ratified?
It must be ratified by 3/4 of the state legislatures
What five civil liberties does the 1st Amendment protect?
Guarantees the freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press, and petition
What does the 2nd Amendment give you the right to own?
To bear arms(Firearms) and for states to maintain a militia
What does the 4th Amendment protect you from? (Placed as a result of the Sugar Act)
Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures without a probable cause
What Amendment is important for people accused of committing crimes?
5th Amendment-Natural rights can not be deprived without due process of law(You have the right to not give self incriminating evidence)
According to the 5th Amendment, natural rights cannot be taken away without what?
The Due Process of Law
What amendment gives you the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury?
6th Amendment-You have the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury
What does the 9th Amendment keep the government from doing?
Prevents the government from claiming the Bill of Rights are the only rights Americans have
What was given power in the 10th Amendment for protection?
States could be used as protection against the powers of national government
Who were the first President and Vice President in American history?
George Washington-1st President
John Adams-1st Vice President
What did each department of the Executive Branch deal with?
State Department
Treasury Department
War Department
State Department-Handle relations with other nations
Treasury Department-Deal with financial matters
War Department-Deals with Nation’s defense
Who makes up the cabinet of the President?
Secretary of State
Secretary of Treasury
Secretary of War
Attorney General
Who was the first Secretary of State and Secretary of Treasury?
Secretary of State-Thomas Jefferson
Secretary of Treasury-Alexander Hamilton
What job title did Alexander Hamilton hold?
Secretary of Treasury
What act established a federal court system?
Judiciary Act of 1789
What could federal courts do to state laws if deemed necessary?
Overturn the laws
Who was John Jay?
1st Chief Justice of Supreme Cout
What is a national debt?
Amount the government owed
What did Alexander Hamilton want to do with state debts after the war?
Hamilton proposed a plan that would have the federal government take care of the state debts from the war
What area in America was against his plan and why did they feel this way?
Southern states were against this plan because they owed less than the northern states and would have to pay more than their fair share
Why did the South agree to accept Hamilton’s plan to lessen the national debt?
They accepted in exchange for the capital of the United States to be moved to the South, Washington D.C.
Why did Hamilton feel that it was ok for him to create a national bank?
It fell within the intent of the Constitution
What is a tariff?
Tax on imported goods
What was the Whiskey Rebellion?
A civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal government. The rebellion started in Pennsylvania by farmers who distilled whiskey and lived of bartering.
Why did Washington not want to run for a third term to the Presidency?
He did not want the position to become like a king
What are 3 aspects of the Federalist Party?
Favored a strong federal government
Rule by wealthy
Loose interpretation of the Constitution
What are 4 aspects of the Democratic-Republican Party?
State Banks
State government
Rule by the people
Strict interpretation of the Constitution
How did Washington feel about political parties?
Washington believed that political parties divided people and kept the government from working together
What is favoring one side in a political decision?
Partisan
Before the Election of 1796, what was held for the first time to determine Presidential candidates?
Caucuses were meetings held by both political parties to chose their candidates
What was the crisis with France involving three agents that tried to get money from America?
The XYZ Affair~After John Adams became upset with France’s demand of bribery, he called the representatives of France “X, Y, and Z”
Why were three acts created after the XYZ Affair?
To protect the security of the nation and slow immigration
What was the Naturalization Act?
Required aliens to live in the US for 14 years before being able to apply for citizenship
What were the Alien Acts?
Allowed the president to deport aliens that were considered a dangerous threat
What was the Sedition Act?
Considers it a crime that speak or write false criticisms to try and weaken the government
What Amendment did the Sedition Act contradict?
1st Amendment
