Chapter 11-Growth and Expansion Flashcards
What was the change from an agrarian society to one based on industry?
Industrial Revolution
Where did the Industrial Revolution begin in America?
New England
What is capitalism?
Capitalism-Individuals put their capital in to a business in hopes of making a profit
What is money used for an investment?
Capital
What is a system where people are free to buy, sell, and produce what they want and can work where they wish?
Free Enterprise/Free Market System
What sets the prices of goods in a free enterprise system?
Supply and Demand
What is technology?
Scientific discoveries that simplify work
What gives inventors legal rights to their inventions?
Patents
Who invented the Cotton Gin?
Eli Whitney in 1793
Who opened the first textile mill in the US?
Samuel Slater
What happened to demand for cotton as a result of textile mill growth in New England?
The demand for Cotten grew
What was the cause of the growth of cities and towns in the North?
The growth of factories in the North
What is the difference between urban and rural?
Urban-City and highly populated
Rural-Country/Farmland and densely populated
What were the three things necessary for Western Expansion in the United States?
Roads
Steamboats
Canals
Who led a failed expedition into Kentucky, but wrote journal writings that would help future explorers settle there?
In 1750, an expedition led by Dr.Thomas Walker set out from Virginia with the aim of exploring land further west
Who was the first permanent European settler in modern day Tennessee?
William Bean-1769
Why was the Cumberland Gap important to the Wilderness Road?
It allowed for a path to be created through the mountains that made passing through the Appalachian Mountains easier
What was the importance of the Wilderness Road to the development of Tennessee?
It made passing through the mountains easier and opened the door for more settlement
Who blazed the trail for the Wilderness Road?
Daniel Boone and 30 skilled foresters
Where was the first capital of the Southwest Territory?
Rocky Mount in Piney Flats, TN(Sullivan County)
Who was the first person to be voted in as a Senator from Tennessee?
William Blount
What was important about John Sevier?
The first governor of Tennessee
What is a long hunter?
An American wilderness explorer for at least 6 months at a time
What is a turnpike?
Toll roads
What road became important to the development of Tennessee because it allowed farmers to get back to middle Tennessee after selling crops?
Natchez Trace
Who created the first steamboat?
Robert Fulton, The Clermont in 1807
Steamboats improved the transport of what two things?
Good and Passengers
What are artificial waterways?
Canals
What canal connected Albany to Buffalo and opened up New York to even more trade opportunities?
Erie Canal
Who was the President in 1817?
James Monroe,5th President
What was the Era of Good Feelings?
A time when political differences seemed to fade away after the War of 1812
Why did the Era of Good Feelings not last long?
The Western expansion of the US led to increased sectionalism
What is the name for showing loyalty to a region?
Sectionalism
Who was a chief supporter of state sovereignty?
John C Calhoun
What was Henry Clay’s system that promoted tariffs to stimulate American industry growth?
The American System
What helped preserve the balance between the North and the South?
The Missouri Compromise-Have Maine enter as free state and Missouri as a slave state
What two states were involved in the Missouri Compromise?
Maine-A free state
Missouri-A slave state
What was a court case over states rights that said that state governments could not have power over the national government?
McColloch v Maryland
Who was Chief Justice of the Supreme Court for the rulings of Marbury v. Madison and McCulloh v. Maryland?
Chief Justice John Marshall
What treaty was an example of America’s military strength and allowed Florida to become part of the country?
The Adams-Onis Treaty
What statement was an important part of American foreign policy?
The Monroe Doctrine-The Western Hemisphere was no longer open to colonization
