Chapter 9 Flashcards
phonology
sound system of language
language
form of comm.; spoken, written, signed; based on system of symbols
morphology
units of meaning in word formation
syntax
ways words are combined to form acceptable sentences
semantics
meaning of words or sentences
pragmatics
appropriate use of language in different contexts
fast mapping
childrens ability to make an intitial connection between a word & its referent after only limited exposure to the word
whole-language approach
reading instruction should parallel children’s natural language learning; teach whole words or sentences
phonics approach
teaches basic rules for translating written symbols into sounds
List the key milestones for language in infancy.
▫ 5-12 months: can show understanding of words
▫ First spoken word at 10-15 months
▫ Understand 50 words by 13 months; can speak 50 words by 18 months
▫ Receptive vocab: words the infant understands
▫ Spoken vocab: words infant speaks
▫ Receptive vocab exceeds spoken vocab in infants
▫ Two word utterances at 18-24 months
List milestones in childhood.
▫ Preschool: more sensitive to sounds of spoken words + more capable of producing all sounds in language
▫ By 3, most kids can produce all vowel & consonant sounds
▫ Knowledge of morphology rules (using plural & possessive forms of nouns, etc.)
▫ Learn & apply rules of syntax (knowing differences between wh- questions, etc.)
▫ Gains in semantics & vocab development
- advances in pragmatics
Broca’s area
region of the left frontal lobe that produces words
Wernicke’s area
brains left hemisphere involved in understanding language
aphasia
damage to either of those areas; loss or impairment of language processing
Chomsky’s language acquisition device
biological endowment that enables a child to detect certain features & rules of language (phonology, syntax, etc.)
