Chapter 9

Question 1

What is extinction?

Answer 1

reduction of a rate of responding

Question 2

What is extinction in instrumental conditioning?

Answer 2

a behaviour is no longer reinforced

Question 3

What is extinction in classical conditioning?

Answer 3

the CS is presented multiple times without the US

Question 4

What is flooding? What is it used for?

Answer 4

People gradually exposed to their fears in order to extinguish them. Involved in the treatment of phobias

Question 5

Is extinction the opposite of acquisition?

Answer 5

No. Extinction is actually new learning, its an active process, not the same as forgetting (passive)

Question 6

What are the 2 main effects of extinction procedures?

Answer 6

1- target response decreases when it is no longer reinforced

2- Increase in response variability

Question 7

What is frustration, and why does it happen in extinction procedures?

Answer 7

Frustration of non-reward energizes behaviour (increase in responding)
EX: vending machine no longer works (no food); people will angrily kick it (frustration)

Question 8

What is forgetting?

Answer 8

decline in responding that may occur because of the passage of time and does not require nonreinforcement of the CS (also does not allow for recovery)

Question 9

What is spontaneous recovery?

Answer 9

Return of a response after it has been extinguished

Question 10

What is renewal of conditioned responding?

Answer 10

recovery of responding when the contextual cues that were present during extinction are changed

Question 11

How is renewal of conditioned responding also called?

Answer 11

ABA renewal when subjects are brought back into conditioning room and renewal occurs
ABC renewal when subjects are brought into a neutral room (C) and renewal happens there

Question 12

What is reinstatement of the conditioned response?

Answer 12

recovery of conditioned behaviour that occurs when the individual encounters the US again IN THE SAME CONTEXT

Question 13

Which of resurgence, reinstatement or renewal is context-specific and why?

Answer 13

Reinstatement; role of context is to disambiguate the meaning of the CS, which has been through conditioning and extinction procedures. The context helps the individual to remember that the CS and US were excitatory in the conditioning context

Question 14

What is resurgence of conditioned behaviour

Answer 14

reappearance of an extinguished target response when another reinforced response is extinguished