Chapter 6

Question 1

What are ratio schedules

Answer 1

Schedules of reinforcement where the number of responses performed determine the rate of reinforcement

Question 2

What are Interval schedules

Answer 2

Schedules of reinforcement where the amount of time between reinforcements determine the rate of reinforcement

Question 3

What is a continuous ratio of reinforcement (CRF)

Answer 3

every response is followed by reinforcer (FR1)

Question 4

What is an intermittent ratio of reinforcement

Answer 4

Not all response is followed by a reinforcer

Question 5

What is a variable ratio schedule

Answer 5

The number of responses required to receive the reinforcer vary (sometimes 1, 2, 3, etc). Ex: VR2; an average of 2 responses is required to get the reinforcer (sometimes 1, 2, 3, etc)

Question 6

What is a Fixed ratio schedule

Answer 6

A fixed number of responses are required to have the reinforcer (ex: FR10; every 10 behaviours there is a reinforcer)

Question 7

What is a fixed interval schedule

Answer 7

There is a fixed and constant amount of time that has to pass before a response is reinforced (Ex: FI 4 mins)

Question 8

What is a fixed interval scallop

Answer 8

Increase in response rate towards the end of the fixed-interval schedule (ex: for FI4mins, towards 3.5 mins the rate increases) depends on the ability to tell time

Question 9

What is a variable interval schedule

Answer 9

Time required for the reinforcer to become available varies from one trial to the next (ex: 1min, 2mins, 3, etc)

Question 10

Limited hold in interval schedules

Answer 10

Restriction on how long a reinforcer remains available once the interval is over.

Question 11

What is a ratio run (cumulative record)

Answer 11

high and steady rate of responding that completes each ration requirement

Question 12

What is a post-reinforcement pause

Answer 12

Zero rate of responding after reinforcement
Mostly controlled by upcomming ratio requirement
Could also be calles pre-ratio pause

Question 13

What is ratio strain

Answer 13

Higher ratio requirement - longer post-reinforcement pause

Question 14

What is a concurrent schedule

Answer 14

multiple choices: each is reinforced with a different schedule
Animal is free to go back and forth between options

Question 15

What is the matching law

Answer 15

• The relative rate of responding on an alternative matches the relative rate of reinforcement on that alternative

Question 16

What is bias (response bias)

Answer 16

Preference towards one alternative of reinforcement (leads to overmatching; responding too much on an alternative)

Question 17

What is sensitivity

Answer 17

How sensitive one is to the differences between choice alternatives (can make you under-match (under respond))

Question 18

What is molar maximizing

Answer 18

Fastest way of getting to the end goal (long run objective)

Question 19

What is molecular maximizing

Answer 19

Immediate reinforcement is preferred over long-term goal

Question 20

What is a choice link

Answer 20

Concurrent schedule but with commitment to one option after the first reinforcer (chose B, will stay in B for all experiment)

Question 21

What is the problem of self-control

Answer 21

Choosing small immediate reward over large delayed reward

Question 22

What is delay discounting

Answer 22

A reward looses value with waiting time (will prefer small immediate reward than big delayed reward)