Chapter 9

Question 1

Hockett’s features or characteristics that are common to all languages are called

Answer 1

linguistic universals

Question 2

Stating that language has the property of arbitrariness is to claim that

Answer 2

there is no inherent connection between the units used in language and their meaning

Question 3

When investigating language, the internalized knowledge of language and its rules that fully fluent speakers of a language have is referred to as

Answer 3

articulation
processing fluency
competence

Question 4

The ___________ hypothesis states that the language we know shapes the way we think about events in the world around us.

Answer 4

Sapir-Whorf

Question 5

The basic sound that composes a language is called the _______; the ________ is the smallest unit of language that has meaning.

Answer 5

phoneme; morpheme

Question 6

Our ability to detect variations in speech sounds despite co-articulation and from speaker to speaker reflects

Answer 6

the problem of invariance

Question 7

Patients with Wernicke’s Aphasia have trouble with speech _________; conversely, patients with Broca’s aphasia have difficulties in speech __________.

Answer 7

comprehension; production

Question 8

This term refers to the idea that many words in a language may have multiple meanings

Answer 8

polysemy

Question 9

Irregularities or errors in otherwise fluent speech are called

Answer 9

dysfluencies

Question 10

The arrangement of words as elements in a sentence to show their relationship to one another is called

Answer 10

syntax