Chapter 9: 9.2 Gluconeogenesis

Question 1

Describe:

Gluconeogenesis

Answer 1

A method of replenishing blood glucose
* Occurs in the liver and kidneys
* Converts lactate and pyruvate back to glucose

Question 2

How does gluconeogenesis differ from glycolysis?

Answer 2

3 steps are different from glycolysis (4 enzymes)

Question 3

State:

Net Equation for Gluconeogenesis

Answer 3

Pyruvate + ATP + GTP + NADH + H2O + 2H+ –> Glucose + ADP + GDP + NAD+ + Pi

Question 3

Describe:

Glycerol

Answer 3

Released into the blood stream from fat mobilization

Question 3

How does glycerol enter gluconeogenesis?

Answer 3

Enters as DHAP

Question 4

What 2 enzymes do Glycerol require?

Answer 4

1. Glycerol kinase: Requires ATP
2. Glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase: Makes NADH

Question 5

State:

Net equation of Glycerol

Answer 5

Glycerol + ATP + NAD+ + H2O –> Glucose + ADP + Pi + NADH

Question 6

Reciprocal regulation promtoes either ———- or —————

Answer 6

• Glycolysis
• Gluconeogenesis

Question 7

How does reciprocal regulation occur?

Answer 7

Occurs via hormone signalling

Question 8

In regulation of gluconeogensis:

Pyruvate to ——————- regulation

Answer 8

Phosphoenolpyruvate

Question 9

List:

1. Pyruvate kinase activators
2. Pyruvate kinase inhibitors

Answer 9

1. AMP, F-1,6-BP
2. ATP, acetyle-CoA, alanine

Question 10

List:

1. Pyruvate carboxylase activators
2. Pyruvate carboxylase and Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase inhibitors

Answer 10

1. Acetyl-CoA
2. ADP

Question 11

In regulation of gluconeogenesis:

Fructose-6-Phosphate to ————————- regulation

Answer 11

Fructose-1,6-Biphosphate

Question 12

List:

1. Phosphofructokinase activators
2. Phosphofructokinase inhibitors

Answer 12

1. F-2, 6-BP, AMP
2. ATP, citrate

Question 13

List:

1. Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphotase activators
2. Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphotase inhibitors

Answer 13

1. Citrate
2. F-2, 6-BP, AMP

Question 14

What is fructose-1,6-bisphosphotase also known as?

Answer 14

FBPase