chapter 9 Flashcards
an Interdisciplinary approach applying behavioural science to the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of a medical problem refers to?
behavioural medicine
what is health psychology?
a subfield of behavioural medicine that studies psychological factors important in health promotion and maintenance
Colby experiences sequences of reactions to substained stress, including stages of alarm, resistance, and exhaustion, which may lead to death, what is Colby experiencing?
general adaptation syndrome (GAS)
define stress
the body’s physiological response to a stressor, which is any event or change that requires adaptation
Melody has the perception that she has the ability to cope with stress or challenges in her life, what does Melody have?
self-efficacy
the body’s means of identifying and eliminating any foreign materials, refers to what?
immune system
What are Antigens?
foreign materials that enter the body, including bacteria and parasites
Alexis’ body’s immune system attacks healthy tissues rather than antigens, what condition does Alexis have?
Autoimmune Disease
what is Rheumatoid Arthritis?
painful, degenerative disease in which the immune system essentially attacks itself, resulting in stiffness, swelling, and even destruction of the joints
- cognitive behavioural treatments can help relieve pain and stiffness
what is the study of psychological influences on the neurological responding involved in the body’s immune response?
Psychoneuroimmunology
Brianna started experiencing a group of minor health problems such as weight loss, fever, and night sweats, after her HIV infection. What is Brianna experiencing?
an AIDS-related complex (ARC)
- appears after HIV infection but before development of full-blown AIDS
the study of psychological factors involved in the course and treatment of cancer refers to?
psycho-oncology
Alex is experiencing afflictions in her mechanisms, including her heart, blood vessels, and controllers that are responsible for transporting blood to the body’s tissues and organs. What is Alex experiencing?
CardioVascular disease
- psychological factors may play important roles in such diseases and their treatments
Mark had a temporary blockage of blood vessels supplying the brain, resulting in temporary or permanent loss of brain functioning. What did Mark have?
a Stroke
- also called cerebral vascular accidents (CVA)
what is hypertension
also known as high blood pressure
- a major risk factor for stroke and heart and kidney disease that is intimately related to psychological factors
define essential hypertension
high blood pressure with no verifiable physical cause, which makes up the overwhelming majority of high blood pressure cases
Kayden arteries that supply his blood to his heart muscle are blocked, this is a major cause of death in Western culture, with social and psychological factors involved. What does Kayden have?
Coronary heart disease (CHD)
Taliyah is excessively competitive, time-pressure impatient, has accelerated speech, and anger, originally thought to promote high risk for heart disease. What is Taliyah experiencing?
Type A behaviour pattern
Maddy has a relaxed attitude, is indifferent to time pressure, and less forceful ambition; originally thought to cause low risk for heart disease. What is Maddy experiencing?
Type B behaviour pattern
David was in pain after breaking his leg, but the pain disappeared once he was healed and treated. What type of pain did David experience?
Acute Pain
Natasha has been in pain for years and it is not seeming to decrease. She has pain in her muscles, joints, and lower back. The doctors told her this may be due to enlarged blood vessels, or cancerous tissue. other significant factors are social and psychological. What is Natasha experiencing?
Chronic Pain
define pain catastrophizing
an exaggerated negative response during an actual or anticipated painful experience. Catastrophizers ruminate on and magnify the pain, and they often feel helpless in the face of pain
what are endogenous opioids?
substances occurring naturally throughout the body that function like neurotransmitters to shut down pain sensation even in the presence of marked tissue damage.
- These may contribute to psychological problems such as eating disorders. Also known as endorphins or enkephalins
Mia has incapacitating exhaustion following only minimal exertion, accompanied by fever, headaches, muscle and joint pain, depression, and anxiety. What does Mia have?
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS)
What is Biofeedback?
Use of physiological monitoring equipment to make individual aware of their own bodily functions, such as blood pressure or brain waves, that they cannot normally access, with purpose of controlling these functions
What are active components of meditation methods, including repetitive thoughts of a sound to reduce distracting thoughts, and closing the main to other intruding thoughts, that decrease the flow of stress hormones and neurotransmitters and cause a feeling of calm.
Relaxation Response
