Chapter 9

Question 1

synaptic pruning

Answer 1

in early childhood, lots of connections–> lose the ones you don’t use

Question 2

teratogens

Answer 2

agents that harm fetus or embryo, such as drugs, alcohol, viruses, etc

Question 3

attachment

Answer 3

a strong, intimate, emotional connection between people that persists over time and across circumstances.

Question 4

secure attachment

Answer 4

distressed when caregiver leaves and comforted quickly when they return

Question 5

insecure attachment

Answer 5

avoidant- don’t care that the caregiver leaves and avoid contact when they come back
ambivalent- upset when caregiver leaves and both seeks and rejects care

Question 6

assimilation

Answer 6

information is placed in an existing scheme

Question 7

accomodation

Answer 7

new scheme is created or scheme is radically altered

Question 8

piagets 4 stages

Answer 8

sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational

Question 9

sensorimotor stage

Answer 9

0-2 years
-recognizes self as an agent of actions
-sensory input affects actions
-develops object permanence
-

Question 10

preoperational stage

Answer 10

2-7 years

• begin to think symbolically
• still no law of conservation of quantity
• don’t base their reasoning on logic
• tend to center on one part of a task
• can’t take others’ points of view

Question 11

concrete operational stage

Answer 11

7-12 years

• able to think logically about actual objects
• cannot reason abstractly or about possibilities (?)

Question 12

formal operational stage

Answer 12

12+

-ability to form a hypothesis and test it with logic

Question 13

theory of mind

Answer 13

others have minds with different opinions and knowledge than you, associated with prefrontal brain region

Question 14

puberty

Answer 14

onset of sexual maturity and ability to reproduce