Additional Unit 2 Stuff

Question 1

phonetics vs. phonology

Answer 1

phonetics: distinguishing sounds as different from one another (e.g. p vs. b)
phonology: sounds within the same speech category that are perceptually indistinct from each other (e.g. variation in what we identify as a p)

Question 2

allomorph

Answer 2

different morphemes that carry the same information (-s and -es)

Question 3

syntax

Answer 3

subject, verb, and object relationships

Question 4

semantics

Answer 4

does a sentence actually make sense

Question 5

pragmatics

Answer 5

language in actual conversations (taking into account politeness, euphemisms, indirect illocution)

Question 6

difference between human and non human communication

Answer 6

humans can talk about abstract ideas, ideas in the future/past, and can create new combos for new ideas

Question 7

sympathetic arousal’s effects on memory

Answer 7

increases it by increasing adrenaline

Question 8

contingency

Answer 8

probability of US occurring after CS is presented

Question 9

how does conditioning relate to drug addiction

Answer 9

your body compensates for the drug with dysphoria, so that when you’re presented with the conditioned stimuli (like surroundings) this happens–> you need to take the drug.
In a new scenario your body doesn’t compensate as much, so it’s more likely you’ll overdose

Question 10

dual processing to make decisions

Answer 10

analytic=longer, more accurate, neocortical

heuristic=faster, subcortical

Question 11

difference between judgment and decision making

Answer 11

judgements means deciding on probability of uncertain events, decision making is using these judgements to make a choice