Chapter 9 Flashcards
CAM
Computer aided manufacturing - facilitates and automates manufacturing process.
Successor to computer aided engineering CAE
CIM
Computer integrated manufacturing - involve the whole production process being controlled by a computer system
FSM
Flexible manufacturing system - integrated, automated manufacturing systems capable of producing a range of products and switching quickly between them.
Good where a company has a wide range of products - economies of scope
CNC
Computer numerical control - control of a machine controlled by a computer program. Often used in conjunction with CAD
Robots
Machines thatt do work that is considered similar to the work of people - assembly lines
AGV
Automated guided vehicles - Automated transport system using unmanned vehicles that require no human input
DSS
Decision support systems - analyse and condense large volumes of data into a form that managers can use it for decision making.
Expert Systems
A specific type of DSS that captures, stores and analyses expert knowledge and information. May be used as part of operations.
single sourcing
each product/service is purchased from 1 supplier - scarcity of supply or mutually beneficial relationship
multiple souring
company has a number of suppliers, reducing the power of each one. prices fall but the relationship is less stable
delegated sourcing
the sourcing task is delegated to an external organisation
parallel sourcing
the product may be sourced from separate supply systems
aim of supply chain networks
a coordinated network of vendors that supports a network of customers
push-based system of demand
producers form links between themselves to produce a product they believe the customer will buy - the chain pushes the product out of the market
pull-based system of demand
the market pulls the products/services into existence in response to demand signals.
org’s within a demand network collaborate to produce a product or service the market demands
capacity planning
balancing the supply of a product with the demand for it
over-capacity
resources available for production are not fully utilised. leads to high stock levels and under-used employees
under-capacity
the organisation is unable to produce the quantity being demanded. leads to delays in fulfilment
level capacity strategies
maintain activity at a constant level over the planning period, including fluctuations in forecast demand. Problem is that stocks may accumulate ahead of increases in future demand
chase demand strategies
an attempt is made to match production capability as closely as possible to the forecast demand
demand management strategies
attempt to manipulate demand levels e.g. off-peak trains or weekday hotel breaks
