Chapter 9 Flashcards
A ______ is a process that results in the inter-conversion of chemical substances so that at least one new substance is produced.
chemical reaction
A ______ or _______ is a chemical reaction in which 2 or more reactants are chemically bonded together to form a single product.
synthesis reaction or combination reaction
A ______ is a chemical reaction in which one single reactant is decomposed, or broken down, to produce 2 or more simpler substances.
decomposition reaction
A ________ or _________ is a chemical reaction between an element and a compound in which the element replaces an atom (or group of atoms) from the compound.
single-replacement reaction or
single-displacement reaction
A _______ or a ______ is a chemical reaction in which 2 compounds exchange parts to form 2 new compounds.
double replacement or
double displacement
A ______ is a chemical reaction in which a fuel reacts with an oxidant and produces heat or both heat and light in the form of a glow or flames. Non-scientists would refer to this as burning.
combustion reaction
A ______ is a reaction in which an atom, molecule, or ion gains one (or more) electron(s).
reduction reaction
An _______ is a reaction in which an atom, molecule, or ion loses one (or more) electron(s).
oxidation reaction
The term, _______ is used to describe a chemical reaction where electrons are transferred between reactants.
redox reaction
The term _______ is used to describe a chemical reaction where electron are not transferred between reactants.
nonredox reaction
The pneumonic, “LEO the lion says GER” stands for…
Loss of electrons is oxidation;
gain of electrons is reduction
The pneumonic “OIL RIG” stands for…
Oxidation is loss (of electrons);
Reduction is gain (of electrons)
An “______” called oxidation numbers if used to determine the oxidizing and the reducing species in a redox reaction.
“electron track keeping system”
An ______ is an integer number that represents the charge that a given atom would have if the electrons in each participating bond were assigned to the more electronegative of the two atoms participating in the bond. These are not formal charges on an atom like an ionic charge.
oxidation number
TRUE or FALSE:
Chemical reactions can be classified into a few types.
True
What is the minimum number of new substances that needs to be formed in a chemical reaction?
one
What is the maximum number of new substances that needs to be formed in a chemical reaction?
There is no maximum
TRUE or FALSE:
One of the reactants in a synthesis reaction must be an element.
False
TRUE or FALSE:
The product of a synthesis reaction can never be an element.
True
TRUE or FALSE:
The reactant in a decomposition reaction must be a compound.
True
TRUE or FALSE:
The products of a decomposition reaction could be either elements or compounds.
True
TRUE or FALSE:
The products of a single-replacement reaction are one element and one compound.
True
TRUE or FALSE:
The products of a single-replacement reactions are less complex than the reactants.
False
TRUE or FALSE:
For a combustion reaction to occur, there must always be at least 2 reactants.
True - fuel and oxidant