Chapter 9 Flashcards
The first industry to be shaped by the large factory system was:
Textiles
Which of the following statements related to the Second Great Awakening is FALSE?
The Second Great Awakening popularized Deism
The “American System of manufactures”:
Owed a great deal to Eli Terry’s development of interchangeable parts in clockmaking
What helped to encourage Richard Allen to establish the African Methodist Episcopal Church?
He was forcibly removed from praying at the alter rail at his former place to worship
The catalyst for the market revolution was a series of innovations in:
Transportation and communication
How did the market revolution affect the lives of artisans?
Gathered in factories, they forced constant supervision and the breakdown of craftsmanship into specialized tasks
Which denomination enjoyed the largest membership in the United States by the 1840s?
Methodist
How did the market revolution change the way Americans conceived of time?
Clocks increasingly regulated the separation of work and leisure time
The Book of Mormon states:
Native Americans were descended from people from the Middle East
Which statement about the western settlements is FALSE?
The government discouraged western settlement at every turn
Henry David Thoreau believed that:
Genuine freedom lay within the individual
What did Noah Webster’s American Dictionary define as “a state of exemption from the power or control of another”?
Freedom
Which of the following is NOT an example of the significance of Eli Whitney’s cotton gin?
The completion of the Erie Canal allowed the transportation of thousands of pounds of cotton per day
Which improvement most dramatically increased the speed and lowered the expense of commerce in the first half of the nineteenth century?
Canals and steamboats
According to the Mormons, who was God’s prophet?
Joseph Smith
Which of the following was NOT a way in which westward movement affected the South?
The South had to develop a highly effective railroad system to transport goods from west to east
In Gibbons v. Ogden, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that:
New York could not grant a monopoly on steamboat navigation between New York and New Jersey
The majority of the nearly 4 million immigrants that entered the United States between 1840 and 1860 were from:
Germany and Ireland
The Erie Canal gave which city primacy over competing ports in accessing trade with the Northwest?
New York
What was the significance of Robert Fulton?
His work in designing steamboats made upstream commerce possible
Most of the states that joined the Union in the six years immediately following the War of 1812 were located:
West of the Appalachian Mountains
The transcendentalist movement:
Emphasized individual judgment, not tradiditon
Women who worked at the Lowell mills:
Lived in closely supervised boardinghouses
The cult of domesticity:
Led to a decline in birthrates
The official seals of New Jersey (1821) and Arkansas (1836) both reflect the widespread identification of freedom with:
Technological progress and material prosperity
During the first half of the nineteenth century, individualism:
Was rooted in the idea of self-sufficiency
What encouraged the building of factories in coastal towns such as New Bedford and even large inland cities such as Chicago by the 1840s?
Steam power meant factories no longer had to be near waterfalls and rapids to generate the power
Squatters:
Set up farms on unoccupied land
The role of a white middle-class woman in antebellum America was primarily to:
Focus her energies on the home and children
Which statement about corporations is FALSE?
The corporation was not a vital component in the new market economy
Who believed that freedom was an open-ended process of self-realization by which individuals could remake themselves and their own lives?
Ralph Waldo Emerson
In response to the market revolution:
Local judges protected businessmen from paying property damages associated with factory construction and from workers seeking to unionize
Which of the following was not a factor in the nation’s acquisition of Florida from Spain?
Spain’s loss of Haiti in a slave rebellion, which rendered Florida imperially unimportant
John Jacob Astor, who seemed to exemplify the “self-made man”:
Became wealthy trading goods between the United States and China
In an 1837 case involving the Charles River in Massachusetts, Chief Justice Roger Taney:
Declared the community had a legitimate interest in promoting transportation and prosperity
In his essay “The Laboring Classes,” Orestes Brownson argued that:
Wealth and labor were at war
Which problem with cotton did Eli Whitney solve by inventing the cotton gin?
Removing seeds from the cotton was a slow and painstaking task, but Whitney made it much easier and less labor-intensive
Samuel Slater:
Established America’s first factory
In 1829, Lydia Maria Child wrote a popular book called:
The Frugal Housewife
The American railroad industry in the first half of the nineteenth century:
Stimulated the coal mining industry
The “German triangle” in the mid-nineteenth century referred to:
Cincinnati, St. Louis, and Milwaukee-cities with large German populations
What came to be redefined as a personal moral quality associated more and more closely with women?
Virtue
America’s first commercial railroad was the:
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
At the Lowell textile mills:
The owners established lecture halls and churches
Which of the following was NOT a way that the market revolution changed western farming?
Farmers in the Old Northwest used slave labor to expand their production
Which of the following was responsible for the first large-scale American factory, which was built in Massachusetts?
The cutoff of British because of the Embargo of 1807 and the War of 1812.
What was the most important export from the United States by the mid-nineteenth century?
Cotton
Which of the following helped to increase the visibility and power of the Catholic Church in America in the mid-nineteenth-century?
The number of Irish Catholic immigrants grew dramatically
For which of the following did nativists NOT blame immigrants in the 1840s?
Increased Protestantism
During the first half of the nineteenth century, free black Americans:
Could not, under federal law, obtain public land
How many cities in 1850 had a population of more than 5,000?
150
Which of the following is true of Lafayette’s 1824 visit to the United States?
Southern states banned “persons of color” from ceremonies honoring him
According to John O’Sullivan, the “manifest destiny” of the United States to occupy North America could be traced to:
A divine mission
The Erie Canal:
Was far longer than any other canal in the United States at that time
The women who protested during the Shoemakers’ Strike in Lynn compared their condition to that of:
Slaves
