Chapter 9

Question 1

The first industry to be shaped by the large factory system was:

Answer 1

Textiles

Question 2

Which of the following statements related to the Second Great Awakening is FALSE?

Answer 2

The Second Great Awakening popularized Deism

Question 3

The “American System of manufactures”:

Answer 3

Owed a great deal to Eli Terry’s development of interchangeable parts in clockmaking

Question 4

What helped to encourage Richard Allen to establish the African Methodist Episcopal Church?

Answer 4

He was forcibly removed from praying at the alter rail at his former place to worship

Question 5

The catalyst for the market revolution was a series of innovations in:

Answer 5

Transportation and communication

Question 6

How did the market revolution affect the lives of artisans?

Answer 6

Gathered in factories, they forced constant supervision and the breakdown of craftsmanship into specialized tasks

Question 7

Which denomination enjoyed the largest membership in the United States by the 1840s?

Answer 7

Methodist

Question 8

How did the market revolution change the way Americans conceived of time?

Answer 8

Clocks increasingly regulated the separation of work and leisure time

Question 9

The Book of Mormon states:

Answer 9

Native Americans were descended from people from the Middle East

Question 10

Which statement about the western settlements is FALSE?

Answer 10

The government discouraged western settlement at every turn

Question 11

Henry David Thoreau believed that:

Answer 11

Genuine freedom lay within the individual

Question 12

What did Noah Webster’s American Dictionary define as “a state of exemption from the power or control of another”?

Answer 12

Freedom

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT an example of the significance of Eli Whitney’s cotton gin?

Answer 13

The completion of the Erie Canal allowed the transportation of thousands of pounds of cotton per day

Question 14

Which improvement most dramatically increased the speed and lowered the expense of commerce in the first half of the nineteenth century?

Answer 14

Canals and steamboats

Question 15

According to the Mormons, who was God’s prophet?

Answer 15

Joseph Smith

Question 16

Which of the following was NOT a way in which westward movement affected the South?

Answer 16

The South had to develop a highly effective railroad system to transport goods from west to east

Question 17

In Gibbons v. Ogden, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that:

Answer 17

New York could not grant a monopoly on steamboat navigation between New York and New Jersey

Question 18

The majority of the nearly 4 million immigrants that entered the United States between 1840 and 1860 were from:

Answer 18

Germany and Ireland

Question 19

The Erie Canal gave which city primacy over competing ports in accessing trade with the Northwest?

Answer 19

New York

Question 20

What was the significance of Robert Fulton?

Answer 20

His work in designing steamboats made upstream commerce possible

Question 21

Most of the states that joined the Union in the six years immediately following the War of 1812 were located:

Answer 21

West of the Appalachian Mountains

Question 22

The transcendentalist movement:

Answer 22

Emphasized individual judgment, not tradiditon

Question 23

Women who worked at the Lowell mills:

Answer 23

Lived in closely supervised boardinghouses

Question 24

The cult of domesticity:

Answer 24

Led to a decline in birthrates

Question 25

The official seals of New Jersey (1821) and Arkansas (1836) both reflect the widespread identification of freedom with:

Answer 25

Technological progress and material prosperity

Question 26

During the first half of the nineteenth century, individualism:

Answer 26

Was rooted in the idea of self-sufficiency

Question 27

What encouraged the building of factories in coastal towns such as New Bedford and even large inland cities such as Chicago by the 1840s?

Answer 27

Steam power meant factories no longer had to be near waterfalls and rapids to generate the power

Question 28

Squatters:

Answer 28

Set up farms on unoccupied land

Question 29

The role of a white middle-class woman in antebellum America was primarily to:

Answer 29

Focus her energies on the home and children

Question 30

Which statement about corporations is FALSE?

Answer 30

The corporation was not a vital component in the new market economy

Question 31

Who believed that freedom was an open-ended process of self-realization by which individuals could remake themselves and their own lives?

Answer 31

Ralph Waldo Emerson

Question 32

In response to the market revolution:

Answer 32

Local judges protected businessmen from paying property damages associated with factory construction and from workers seeking to unionize

Question 33

Which of the following was not a factor in the nation’s acquisition of Florida from Spain?

Answer 33

Spain’s loss of Haiti in a slave rebellion, which rendered Florida imperially unimportant

Question 34

John Jacob Astor, who seemed to exemplify the “self-made man”:

Answer 34

Became wealthy trading goods between the United States and China

Question 35

In an 1837 case involving the Charles River in Massachusetts, Chief Justice Roger Taney:

Answer 35

Declared the community had a legitimate interest in promoting transportation and prosperity

Question 36

In his essay “The Laboring Classes,” Orestes Brownson argued that:

Answer 36

Wealth and labor were at war

Question 37

Which problem with cotton did Eli Whitney solve by inventing the cotton gin?

Answer 37

Removing seeds from the cotton was a slow and painstaking task, but Whitney made it much easier and less labor-intensive

Question 38

Samuel Slater:

Answer 38

Established America’s first factory

Question 39

In 1829, Lydia Maria Child wrote a popular book called:

Answer 39

The Frugal Housewife

Question 40

The American railroad industry in the first half of the nineteenth century:

Answer 40

Stimulated the coal mining industry

Question 41

The “German triangle” in the mid-nineteenth century referred to:

Answer 41

Cincinnati, St. Louis, and Milwaukee-cities with large German populations

Question 42

What came to be redefined as a personal moral quality associated more and more closely with women?

Answer 42

Virtue

Question 43

America’s first commercial railroad was the:

Answer 43

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad

Question 44

At the Lowell textile mills:

Answer 44

The owners established lecture halls and churches

Question 45

Which of the following was NOT a way that the market revolution changed western farming?

Answer 45

Farmers in the Old Northwest used slave labor to expand their production

Question 46

Which of the following was responsible for the first large-scale American factory, which was built in Massachusetts?

Answer 46

The cutoff of British because of the Embargo of 1807 and the War of 1812.

Question 47

What was the most important export from the United States by the mid-nineteenth century?

Answer 47

Cotton

Question 48

Which of the following helped to increase the visibility and power of the Catholic Church in America in the mid-nineteenth-century?

Answer 48

The number of Irish Catholic immigrants grew dramatically

Question 49

For which of the following did nativists NOT blame immigrants in the 1840s?

Answer 49

Increased Protestantism

Question 50

During the first half of the nineteenth century, free black Americans:

Answer 50

Could not, under federal law, obtain public land

Question 51

How many cities in 1850 had a population of more than 5,000?

Answer 51

150

Question 52

Which of the following is true of Lafayette’s 1824 visit to the United States?

Answer 52

Southern states banned “persons of color” from ceremonies honoring him

Question 53

According to John O’Sullivan, the “manifest destiny” of the United States to occupy North America could be traced to:

Answer 53

A divine mission

Question 54

The Erie Canal:

Answer 54

Was far longer than any other canal in the United States at that time

Question 55

The women who protested during the Shoemakers’ Strike in Lynn compared their condition to that of:

Answer 55

Slaves