Chapter 3 Flashcards
Great Britain sought to attract which of the following to its American colonies in the eighteenth century?
Protestants from non-English and less prosperous parts of the British Isles
What was William Penn’s most fundamental principle?
Religious freedom
The English Bill of Rights of 1689
Listed Parliamentary powers over such individual rights as trial by jury
Before founding Pennsylvania, William Penn assisted a group of English Quakers to set up a colony in what became
New Jersey
Enumerated goods?
Were colonial products, such as tobacco and sugar that first had to be imported to England
Spain’s Las Siete Partidas, a series of laws touching on slavery
Gave slaves some opportunities to claim rights under the law in Spain’s American empire
The Glorious Revolution of 1688
Resulted mainly from the fears of English aristocrats that the birth of James II’s son would lead to a Catholic succession
All of the following were factors enticing migration to the British colonies EXCEPT
Cheap and safe transatlantic transportation
The separation of church and state
Existed in only a few colonies
Why did the accusations of witchcraft in Salem suddenly snowball in 1692?
The only way to avoid prosecution was to confess and name others
Which of the following was true of small farmers in 1670s Virginia?
The lack of good land, high taxes on tobacco, and falling prices reduced their prospects
The Walking Purchase of 1737
Was a deceitful deal for the Lenni-Lanape Indians
What was one of Pennsylvania’s only restrictions on religious liberty
Holding office required an oath affirming a belief in Jesus Christ, which eliminated Jews from serving
According to New England Puritans, witchcraft
Resulted from pacts that women made with the devil to obtain supernatural powers or interfere with natural processes
Which commodity drove the African slave trade in Brazil and the West Indies during the seventeenth century?
Sugar
What inspired the 1715 uprising by the Yamasee and Creek peoples against English colonists in Carolina?
High debts incurred by the Yamasee and Creek in trade with the English settlers
Who finally ended the Salem witch trials?
The Massachusetts governor
Nathaniel Bacon
Actually was socially closer to the elite than to the indentured servants who supported him
Which one of the following is true of the English West Indies in the seventeenth century?
By the end of the century, the African population far outnumbered the European population on most islands
Which of the following best sums up population diversity in colonial British America?
Great Britain originally promoted emigration to the colonies as means of ridding itself of excess population but cut back in the eighteenth century, opening the colonies to a more diverse group of settlers
The first English Navigation Act, adopted during the rule of Oliver Cromwell
Aimed to wrest control of world trade from the Dutch
During the colonial era, Philadelphia
Became home to a varied population of artisans and craftsmen
Carolina grew slowly until?
Rice as a staple crop was discovered to be extremely profitable
The biggest reason Jews left Europe was?
To escape rigid religious restrictions in German-speaking areas of Europe
Which man was once a slave, only to be freed and own slaves himself?
Anthony Johnson
What form of behavior did William Penn ban in his Pennsylvania colony?
Swearing
Which of the following was NOT a factor that made African slavery appealing to English planters in the New World?
A long English legal tradition of discriminating against dark-skinned peoples eased the legalization of slavery
Unlike slavery in American, slavery in Africa
Was more likely to be based in the household than on agricultural plantation
Slavery developed more slowly in North America than in the English West Indies because?
The high death rate among tobacco workers made it economically unappealing to pay more for a slave likely to die within a short time
What historical evidence demonstrates that blacks were being held as slaves for life by the 1640s?
Property registers list white servants with the number of years they were to work, but blacks (with higher valuations) had no terms of service associated with their names
What ironic consequence did William Penn’s generous policies, such as religious toleration and inexpensive land, have?
They contributed to the increasing reliance of Virginia and Maryland on African slave labor
The Scottish and Scotch-Irish immigrants to the colonies
Were not only poor farmers, but physicians, merchants, and teachers too
Slave labor in the Chesapeake region increasingly supplanted indentured servitude during the last two decades of the seventeenth century, in part because?
Improving conditions in England reduced the number of transatlantic migrants
William Penn was a member of which religious group?
Quakers
How did the new Massachusetts charter of 1691 change that colony’s government?
It made Massachusetts a royal colony rather than under the control of Puritan “saints”
In its early years, Carolina was the “colony of a colony” because its original settlers included many
Landless sons of wealthy planters in Barbados
Which of the following was true of poverty in the colonial period?
Limited supplies of land, especially for inheritance, contributed to poverty
Which of the following is true of slave resistance in the colonial period?
Some slaves were the offspring of white traders and therefore knew enough English to turn the legal system, at least until Virginia lawmakers prevented them from doing so
Bacon’s Rebellion was a response to
Worsening economic conditions in Virginia
Which of the following fits the description of a person most likely to have been accused of witchcraft in seventeenth-century New England?
A woman beyond childbearing age who was outspoken, economically independent, or estranged from her husband
Which of the following is true of slavery?
The English word “slavery” derives from “Slav,” reflecting the slave trade in Slavic peoples until the fifteenth century
What was the impact of King Philip’s War (1675-1676)?
In the long run the war produced a broadening of freedom for whites in New England
The Charter of Liberties and Privileges in New York
Reflected in part an effort by the British to exert their influence and control over the Dutch
Bacon’s Rebellion contributed to which of the following in Virginia?
The replacing of indentured servants with African slaves on Virginia’s plantations
Which of the following was true of agriculture in the colonies during the eighteenth century?
Because New York’s landlords had taken over so much land, agriculture grew more slowly in New York than in other colonies
Of colonists in British North America, which group was the wealthiest?
South Carolina rice planters
What was the Covenant Chain?
An alliance made by the governor of New York and the Iroquois Confederacy
Governor William Berkely’s regime
Was a corrupt alliance of the Virginia colony’s wealthiest tobacco planters
By the 18th century, consumer goods such as books and ceramic plates
Were found in many colonial residents homes
To Quakers, liberty was
A universal entitlement
The economy of the Carolina colony
Originally centered on cattle-raising and trade
According to the economic theory known as mercantilism
The government should regulate economic activity so as to promote national power
When England took over the Dutch colony that became New York
The English ended the Dutch tradition of allowing married women to conduct business in their own names
William Penn obtained the land for his Pennsylvania colony because
The king wanted to cancel his debt to the Penn family and bolster the English presence in North America
In what ways did England reduce colonial autonomy during the 1680s?
It created the Dominion of New England, run by a royal appointee without benefit of an elected assembly
As English colonial society became more structured in the 18th century, what were the effects on women?
Women’s work became more clearly defined as tied closely to the home
What sparked a new period of colonial expansion for England in the mid-17th century?
The restoration of the monarchy in 1660
The German migration to the English colonies
Led to the formation of many farming communities
Captain Jacob Leisler, the head of the rebel militia that took control of New York in 1689
Was overthrown and killed in so grisly a manner that the rivalry between his friends and foes polarized New York politics for years
Pennsylvania’s treatment of Native Americans was unique in what way?
Pennsylvania purchased Indian land that was then resold to colonists and offered refuge to tribes driven out of other colonies
“Anglicization” meant all of the following EXCEPT
Colonists were determined to speak English as perfectly as those who lived in England
Which of the following was true of the colonial elite?
They controlled government
Who in the Pennsylvania colony was eligible to vote?
A majority of the male population
Ideas of race and racism in 17th-century England
Had not fully developed as modern concepts
When the Virginia House of Burgesses decreed that religious conversion did not release a slave from bondage
It meant that, under Virginia law, Christians could own other Christians
According to laws in the 17th century Chesapeake
free blacks had the right to sue and testify in court
North American crops and products
Were part of a commercial trade network that knitted together a far-flung empire
Indians in 18th century British America
Were well integrated into the British imperial system
How did English rule affect the Iroquois Confederacy
After a series of complex negotiations, both groups aided each other’s imperial ambitions
As accusations and executions multiplied in Salem, what was the long-term impact of the witchcraft trials there?
The number of witchcraft prosecutions in Massachusetts declined markedly
The Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina
Proposed a feudal society in the New World, complete with hereditary nobility
By the 18th century, colonial farm families
Viewed land ownership almost as a right, a precondition of freedom
The Glorious Revolution witnessed uprisings in colonial America, including ones in?
New York and Maryland
English and Dutch merchants created a well-organized system for “redemptioners.” What was this system for?
For carrying indentured German families to America where they would work off their transportation debt
What role did Native Americans play in British imperial wars during the eighteenth century?
They did much of the fighting in the wars
How did the colonial elite view their role in society?
It meant the power to rule- the right of those blessed with wealth and prominence to dominate others
Once Massachusetts became a royal colony in 1691
It was required to abide by the English Act of Toleration, which displeased many Puritan leaders
The Virginia slave code of 1705
Embedded the principle of white supremacy in law
