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Chapter 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Great Britain sought to attract which of the following to its American colonies in the eighteenth century?

A

Protestants from non-English and less prosperous parts of the British Isles

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2
Q

What was William Penn’s most fundamental principle?

A

Religious freedom

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3
Q

The English Bill of Rights of 1689

A

Listed Parliamentary powers over such individual rights as trial by jury

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4
Q

Before founding Pennsylvania, William Penn assisted a group of English Quakers to set up a colony in what became

A

New Jersey

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5
Q

Enumerated goods?

A

Were colonial products, such as tobacco and sugar that first had to be imported to England

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6
Q

Spain’s Las Siete Partidas, a series of laws touching on slavery

A

Gave slaves some opportunities to claim rights under the law in Spain’s American empire

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7
Q

The Glorious Revolution of 1688

A

Resulted mainly from the fears of English aristocrats that the birth of James II’s son would lead to a Catholic succession

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8
Q

All of the following were factors enticing migration to the British colonies EXCEPT

A

Cheap and safe transatlantic transportation

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9
Q

The separation of church and state

A

Existed in only a few colonies

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10
Q

Why did the accusations of witchcraft in Salem suddenly snowball in 1692?

A

The only way to avoid prosecution was to confess and name others

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11
Q

Which of the following was true of small farmers in 1670s Virginia?

A

The lack of good land, high taxes on tobacco, and falling prices reduced their prospects

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12
Q

The Walking Purchase of 1737

A

Was a deceitful deal for the Lenni-Lanape Indians

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13
Q

What was one of Pennsylvania’s only restrictions on religious liberty

A

Holding office required an oath affirming a belief in Jesus Christ, which eliminated Jews from serving

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14
Q

According to New England Puritans, witchcraft

A

Resulted from pacts that women made with the devil to obtain supernatural powers or interfere with natural processes

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15
Q

Which commodity drove the African slave trade in Brazil and the West Indies during the seventeenth century?

A

Sugar

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16
Q

What inspired the 1715 uprising by the Yamasee and Creek peoples against English colonists in Carolina?

A

High debts incurred by the Yamasee and Creek in trade with the English settlers

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17
Q

Who finally ended the Salem witch trials?

A

The Massachusetts governor

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18
Q

Nathaniel Bacon

A

Actually was socially closer to the elite than to the indentured servants who supported him

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19
Q

Which one of the following is true of the English West Indies in the seventeenth century?

A

By the end of the century, the African population far outnumbered the European population on most islands

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20
Q

Which of the following best sums up population diversity in colonial British America?

A

Great Britain originally promoted emigration to the colonies as means of ridding itself of excess population but cut back in the eighteenth century, opening the colonies to a more diverse group of settlers

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21
Q

The first English Navigation Act, adopted during the rule of Oliver Cromwell

A

Aimed to wrest control of world trade from the Dutch

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22
Q

During the colonial era, Philadelphia

A

Became home to a varied population of artisans and craftsmen

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23
Q

Carolina grew slowly until?

A

Rice as a staple crop was discovered to be extremely profitable

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24
Q

The biggest reason Jews left Europe was?

A

To escape rigid religious restrictions in German-speaking areas of Europe

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25
Q

Which man was once a slave, only to be freed and own slaves himself?

A

Anthony Johnson

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26
Q

What form of behavior did William Penn ban in his Pennsylvania colony?

A

Swearing

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27
Q

Which of the following was NOT a factor that made African slavery appealing to English planters in the New World?

A

A long English legal tradition of discriminating against dark-skinned peoples eased the legalization of slavery

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28
Q

Unlike slavery in American, slavery in Africa

A

Was more likely to be based in the household than on agricultural plantation

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29
Q

Slavery developed more slowly in North America than in the English West Indies because?

A

The high death rate among tobacco workers made it economically unappealing to pay more for a slave likely to die within a short time

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30
Q

What historical evidence demonstrates that blacks were being held as slaves for life by the 1640s?

A

Property registers list white servants with the number of years they were to work, but blacks (with higher valuations) had no terms of service associated with their names

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31
Q

What ironic consequence did William Penn’s generous policies, such as religious toleration and inexpensive land, have?

A

They contributed to the increasing reliance of Virginia and Maryland on African slave labor

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32
Q

The Scottish and Scotch-Irish immigrants to the colonies

A

Were not only poor farmers, but physicians, merchants, and teachers too

33
Q

Slave labor in the Chesapeake region increasingly supplanted indentured servitude during the last two decades of the seventeenth century, in part because?

A

Improving conditions in England reduced the number of transatlantic migrants

34
Q

William Penn was a member of which religious group?

A

Quakers

35
Q

How did the new Massachusetts charter of 1691 change that colony’s government?

A

It made Massachusetts a royal colony rather than under the control of Puritan “saints”

36
Q

In its early years, Carolina was the “colony of a colony” because its original settlers included many

A

Landless sons of wealthy planters in Barbados

37
Q

Which of the following was true of poverty in the colonial period?

A

Limited supplies of land, especially for inheritance, contributed to poverty

38
Q

Which of the following is true of slave resistance in the colonial period?

A

Some slaves were the offspring of white traders and therefore knew enough English to turn the legal system, at least until Virginia lawmakers prevented them from doing so

39
Q

Bacon’s Rebellion was a response to

A

Worsening economic conditions in Virginia

40
Q

Which of the following fits the description of a person most likely to have been accused of witchcraft in seventeenth-century New England?

A

A woman beyond childbearing age who was outspoken, economically independent, or estranged from her husband

41
Q

Which of the following is true of slavery?

A

The English word “slavery” derives from “Slav,” reflecting the slave trade in Slavic peoples until the fifteenth century

42
Q

What was the impact of King Philip’s War (1675-1676)?

A

In the long run the war produced a broadening of freedom for whites in New England

43
Q

The Charter of Liberties and Privileges in New York

A

Reflected in part an effort by the British to exert their influence and control over the Dutch

44
Q

Bacon’s Rebellion contributed to which of the following in Virginia?

A

The replacing of indentured servants with African slaves on Virginia’s plantations

45
Q

Which of the following was true of agriculture in the colonies during the eighteenth century?

A

Because New York’s landlords had taken over so much land, agriculture grew more slowly in New York than in other colonies

46
Q

Of colonists in British North America, which group was the wealthiest?

A

South Carolina rice planters

47
Q

What was the Covenant Chain?

A

An alliance made by the governor of New York and the Iroquois Confederacy

48
Q

Governor William Berkely’s regime

A

Was a corrupt alliance of the Virginia colony’s wealthiest tobacco planters

49
Q

By the 18th century, consumer goods such as books and ceramic plates

A

Were found in many colonial residents homes

50
Q

To Quakers, liberty was

A

A universal entitlement

51
Q

The economy of the Carolina colony

A

Originally centered on cattle-raising and trade

52
Q

According to the economic theory known as mercantilism

A

The government should regulate economic activity so as to promote national power

53
Q

When England took over the Dutch colony that became New York

A

The English ended the Dutch tradition of allowing married women to conduct business in their own names

54
Q

William Penn obtained the land for his Pennsylvania colony because

A

The king wanted to cancel his debt to the Penn family and bolster the English presence in North America

55
Q

In what ways did England reduce colonial autonomy during the 1680s?

A

It created the Dominion of New England, run by a royal appointee without benefit of an elected assembly

56
Q

As English colonial society became more structured in the 18th century, what were the effects on women?

A

Women’s work became more clearly defined as tied closely to the home

57
Q

What sparked a new period of colonial expansion for England in the mid-17th century?

A

The restoration of the monarchy in 1660

58
Q

The German migration to the English colonies

A

Led to the formation of many farming communities

59
Q

Captain Jacob Leisler, the head of the rebel militia that took control of New York in 1689

A

Was overthrown and killed in so grisly a manner that the rivalry between his friends and foes polarized New York politics for years

60
Q

Pennsylvania’s treatment of Native Americans was unique in what way?

A

Pennsylvania purchased Indian land that was then resold to colonists and offered refuge to tribes driven out of other colonies

61
Q

“Anglicization” meant all of the following EXCEPT

A

Colonists were determined to speak English as perfectly as those who lived in England

62
Q

Which of the following was true of the colonial elite?

A

They controlled government

63
Q

Who in the Pennsylvania colony was eligible to vote?

A

A majority of the male population

64
Q

Ideas of race and racism in 17th-century England

A

Had not fully developed as modern concepts

65
Q

When the Virginia House of Burgesses decreed that religious conversion did not release a slave from bondage

A

It meant that, under Virginia law, Christians could own other Christians

66
Q

According to laws in the 17th century Chesapeake

A

free blacks had the right to sue and testify in court

67
Q

North American crops and products

A

Were part of a commercial trade network that knitted together a far-flung empire

68
Q

Indians in 18th century British America

A

Were well integrated into the British imperial system

69
Q

How did English rule affect the Iroquois Confederacy

A

After a series of complex negotiations, both groups aided each other’s imperial ambitions

70
Q

As accusations and executions multiplied in Salem, what was the long-term impact of the witchcraft trials there?

A

The number of witchcraft prosecutions in Massachusetts declined markedly

71
Q

The Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina

A

Proposed a feudal society in the New World, complete with hereditary nobility

72
Q

By the 18th century, colonial farm families

A

Viewed land ownership almost as a right, a precondition of freedom

73
Q

The Glorious Revolution witnessed uprisings in colonial America, including ones in?

A

New York and Maryland

74
Q

English and Dutch merchants created a well-organized system for “redemptioners.” What was this system for?

A

For carrying indentured German families to America where they would work off their transportation debt

75
Q

What role did Native Americans play in British imperial wars during the eighteenth century?

A

They did much of the fighting in the wars

76
Q

How did the colonial elite view their role in society?

A

It meant the power to rule- the right of those blessed with wealth and prominence to dominate others

77
Q

Once Massachusetts became a royal colony in 1691

A

It was required to abide by the English Act of Toleration, which displeased many Puritan leaders

78
Q

The Virginia slave code of 1705

A

Embedded the principle of white supremacy in law

History (13 decks)

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