Chapter 13

Question 1

The Republican Party founded in the 1850s strongly endorsed the same policy about slavery in the territories that ____________ had begun advocating in 1846.

Answer 1

David Wilmot

Question 2

All of the following took place under the constitution and state laws of independent Texas EXCEPT:

Answer 2

Allow native Americans equal rights

Question 3

The Free Soil Party:

Answer 3

Demonstrated that anti-slavery sentiment had spread far beyond abolitionist ranks

Question 4

Who was responsible for the 1856 Pottawatomie Creek Massacre in Kansas and led the raid on the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia, in 1859

Answer 4

John Brown

Question 5

The Democratic party split in 1860 over the question of whether to:

Answer 5

Protect slavery in the territories or allow popular sovereignty in them

Question 6

The Republican free labor ideology

Answer 6

led to the argument by Abraham Lincoln and William Seward that free labor and slave labor were essentially incompatible.

Question 7

Why did Mississippi politician Jefferson Davis object in the 1850s to the original design of the Statue of Freedom that now adorns the U.S. Capitol dome?

Answer 7

Its use of an ancient Roman liberty cap on “Freedom” raised a touchy matter about slaves ‘longing for freedom

Question 8

Presidents Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren rejected adding Texas to the United States because:

Answer 8

the presence of slaves there would re-ignite the issue of slavery, and they preferred to avoid it.

Question 9

Which of the following was NOT a provision of the Compromise of 1850?

Answer 9

the Oregon territory would be created

Question 10

The Lecompton Constitution was the:

Answer 10

proslavery constitution proposed for Kansas.

Question 11

The caning of Charles Sumner by Preston Brooks:

Answer 11

actually helped the new Republican Party

Question 12

The term “Californios” referred in the 1830s and 1840s to ______ in California

Answer 12

Mexican cattle ranchers

Question 13

James Polk had four clearly defined goals when he entered the White House. Which was NOT one of his goals?

Answer 13

Settle the slavery dispute

Question 14

During the Secession winter of 1860-1861, who offered the most widely supported compromise plan in Congress, which allowed the westward extension of the Missouri Compromise line?

Answer 14

John Crittenden

Question 15

Stephen Douglas’s motivation for introducing the Kansas-Nebraska Act was to:

Answer 15

Boost efforts to build a transcontinental railroad

Question 16

Who questioned President Polk’s right to declare war by introducing a resolution to Congress requesting that the President specify the precise spot where blood had first been shed?

Answer 16

Abraham Lincoln

Question 17

When democrats demanded the “reannexation” of Texas in 1844, they:

Answer 17

Implied that Texas had once been part of the United States through the Louisiana Purchase

Question 18

The Dred Scott decision of the U.S. Supreme Court:

Answer 18

Declared Congress could not ban slavery from territories

Question 19

The Fugitive slave act of 1850:

Answer 19

Gave new powers to federal officers to override local law enforcement

Question 20

Why did slavery become more central to American politics in the 1840s?

Answer 20

Territorial expansion raised the question of whether new lands should be free or slave

Question 21

By 1856, the Republican Party included individuals who had been, until recently, members of each of the following political groups EXCEPT:

Answer 21

Federalists

Question 22

The opponents of the Compromise of 1850:

Answer 22

Received a boost from President Zachary Taylor

Question 23

Which of the following is an example of the political impact of the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

Answer 23

The Whig Party collapsed, and many disgruntled northerners joined the new republican party

Question 24

The 1860 Republican platform stated all of the following EXCEPT that:

Answer 24

Slavery should be abolished in the nation’s capital

Question 25

On matters related to citizenship, the U.S. Supreme Court declared in Dred Scott that:

Answer 25

Only white person’s could be U.S. citizens

Question 26

Which 1854 document called for the United States to seize Cuba?

Answer 26

The Ostend Manifesto

Question 27

In 1854, the Know-Nothings won all the congressional races as well as the governorship in:

Answer 27

Massachusetts

Question 28

In 1821, the opening of the Santa Fe Trail between Santa Fe and _____ led to a reorientation of New Mexico’s commerce from the rest of Mexico to the United States

Answer 28

Independence, Missouri

Question 29

According to John L. O’Sullivan’s Democratic Review, what was the key to the history of nations and the rise and fall of empires?

Answer 29

Race

Question 30

Which of the following countries did NOT go through some kind of popular upheaval in 1848?

Answer 30

Russia

Question 31

In 1860, which state became the first to pass an ordinance of secession and declare itself separated from the Union?

Answer 31

South Carolina

Question 32

What attracted voters to the Know-Nothing party?

Answer 32

Its denunciation of Roman Catholic immigrants

Question 33

The American Civil War began in April 1861, when:

Answer 33

Confederate forces fired upon and captured Fort Sumter

Question 34

During the Mexican War:

Answer 34

For the first time, the U.S. troops occupied a foreign capital

Question 35

Which event sparked Abraham Lincoln to reenter politics?

Answer 35

Kansas-Nebraska Act

Question 36

Which two political figures agreed to keep the issue of annexing Texas out of the 1844 presidential campaign if possible?

Answer 36

Henry Clay and Martin Van Buren

Question 37

The Republican presidential candidate in 1856 was:

Answer 37

John Fremont

Question 38

In the 1860 election, how many presidential candidates won electoral votes:

Answer 38

Four

Question 39

In 1846, Congressman David Wilmot proposed to:

Answer 39

Prohibit slavery from all territory acquired from Mexico

Question 40

The controversy over the arrest of Anthony Burns in 1854 shows:

Answer 40

The unpopularity of the Fugitive Slave Act in parts of the North

Question 41

Which American naval officer negotiated a treaty that opened two Japanese ports to U.S. ships in 1854?

Answer 41

Matthew Perry

Question 42

Who wrote on Civil Disobedience as a response to the U.S. war with Mexico?

Answer 42

Henry David Thoreau

Question 43

Which of the following statements related to ethnicity was true in California in the 1850s?

Answer 43

Thousands of Indian children were declared orphans and treaty as slaves

Question 44

IV. South Carolina seceded from the Union

Answer 44

II, IV, III, I

Question 45

With the exception of Alaska, what was the last piece of territory acquired by the United States toward the solidification of its present boundaries in North America?

Answer 45

The Gadsden Purchase

Question 46

From 1848 to 1860, most of the railroad construction was in which region?

Answer 46

Midwest

Question 47

“Fifty-four forty or fight” referred to demands for American control of:

Answer 47

Oregon

Question 48

American settlement in Texas in the 1820s and 1830s:

Answer 48

Led Stephen Austin to demand more autonomy from Mexican officials

Question 49

When Mexico won its independence from Spain in 1821:

Answer 49

Its Indian population was relatively large compared to its non-indian population

Question 50

In the 1850s, Tennessee-born William Walker became famous for:

Answer 50

Seeking to establish himself as ruler of a slaveholding Nicaragua

Question 51

The treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo of 1848 provided for all of the following EXCEPT:

Answer 51

U.S control of all the Oregon County

Question 52

In the presidential election of 1860, the two candidates who received the most votes in the southern states were:

Answer 52

John Breckinridge and John Bell

Question 53

The famous Lincoln-Douglas debates took place during the campaign for:

Answer 53

U.S. Senator from illinois in 1858

Question 54

During the 1850s, 80 percent of the world’s gold came from two places that experienced gold rushes at about the same time, California and:

Answer 54

Australia

Question 55

The California gold rush:

Answer 55

Resulted in laws that discriminated against “foreign minors”

Question 56

The California gold rush turned _____ into perhaps the world’s most diverse city

Answer 56

San Francisco

Question 57

During his debate with Abraham Lincoln in Freeport, Illinois, Stephen Douglas

Answer 57

Insisted that popular sovereignty was compatible with the Dred Scott decision