Chapter 9 Flashcards
uremia
toxic condition caused by excessive waste products in the bloodstream
meatotomy
an incision of the urinary meatus to enlarge the opening.
overactive bladder
when the detrusor muscle in the bladder is too active. it occurs when the muscles in the wall of the bladder contract involuntarily
nephroptosis
prolapse of the kidneys
nephropyosis
suppuration within a kidney (pus)
diuretics
medications administered to increase urine secretion
neurogenic bladder
term used to describe urinary problem caused by interference with the normal nerve pathways associated with urination
urethrostenosis
abnormal narrowing of the urethra
peritoneal dialysis
waste removal from blood by fluid exchange through the abdominal cavity.
cystitis
inflammation of the bladder
glomerulonephritis
inflammation of the kidney involving primarily the glomeruli which causes red blood cells and proteins to leak into the urine.
vesicovaginal fistula
abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina
hyperproteinuria
abnormally high concentration of protein in the urine
anuria
absence of urine formation by the kidneys
oliguria
scanty urination
wilms tumor
rare type of malignant tumor of the kidney that occurs in young children
nephrotic syndrome
an abnormal condition in which very high levels of protein are lost in the urine and low levels of protein are present in the blood
ureterectasis
distention (enlargement) of a ureter. -ectasis - enlargement
pyeloplasty
surgical repair of the ureter and renal pelvis
hyronephrosis
dilation (swelling) of one or both kidneys. The condition may be caused by backing up of urine due to an obstruction or a stricture (narrowing) in the ureter
hydroureter
distention of the ureter with urine that cannot flow because the ureter is blocked
cytopexy
surgical fixation of the bladder to the abdominal wall
KUB
abbreviation that describes a radiographic study of the kidneys, ureters and bladder without the use of a contrast medium
nocturia
frequent and excessive urination during the night
cystocele
also known as a prolapsed bladder - is a hernia of the bladder through the vaginal wall
percutaneous nephrolithotomy
removal of a nephrolith through a small incision in the back
incontinence
the inability to control the excretion of urine, feces or both
dysuria
difficult, or painful urination
cystolith
stone located within the urinary bladder
urinalysis
examination of the urine to determine the presence of abnormal elements
chronic kidney disease
a progressive loss of renal function.
intravenous pyelogram
a radiographic study of the kidneys and ureters using a contrast medium to clearly define these structures in the resulting image.
urethropexy
surgical fixation of the urethra to nearby tissue to correct stress incontinence
urethrotomy
surgical incision into the urethra for relief of a stricture (abnormal narrowing of a bodily passage)
enuresis
involuntary discharge of urine
polyuria
excessive urination
urethorrhea
abnormal discharge from urethra
uremia
a toxic condition resulting from renal failure - uremic poisoning
ablation
a treatment that involves the removal of a body part or the destruction of its function
Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL)
high-energy ultrasonic waves traveling through water or gel are used to break up the stone into fragment. stones are then excreted in the urine.
epispadias
a congenital abnormality of the urethral opening. In male with epispadias, the urethra opening is located on the upper surface of the penis. In female, the urethral opening is in the region of the clitoris
hypospadia
congenital abnormality of urethral opening. In male, the urethral opening is on the ventral surface (underside) of the penis. In female, the urethra opens into the vagina
prostate gland
part of male reproductive system, surrounds the uretha
