Chapter 11 Flashcards
tinnitus
a ringing, buzzing, or roaring sound in one or both ears
conjunctivitis
an inflammation of the conjunctiva that is usually caused by an infection or allergy
legal blindness
when the best-corrected vision is reduced to 20/200 or less
cochlear implant
an implanted electronic device that can give a person who is deaf a useful auditory understanding of the environment, hearing, or both and help the person to understand speech. Or an electronic device that bypasses the damaged portions of the ear and directly stimulates the auditory nerve.
Eustachian tubes
also known as auditory tubes, they are narrow tubes that lead from the middle ear to the nasal cavity and the throat (nasopharynx)
labyrinthectomy
is the surgical removal of all or a portion of the labyrinth
audiometer
test for ability to hear - hearing acuity
intraocular lens
a surgically implanted replacement for a natural lens that has been removed
tympanometry
use of air pressure in the ear canal to test for disorders of the middle ear. it is an indirect measurement of acoustical energy absorbed or reflected by the middle ear.
otoplasty
surgical repair, restoration, or alteration of the pinna of the ear
dacryocystitis or dacryoadenitis
inflammation of the lacrimal sac or inflammation of lacrimal gland caused by a bacterial, viral, or fungal infection. dacry/o - tear; aden - gland
papilledema
swelling of the optic nerve at the point of entrance through the optic disk. also known as choked disk
otopyorrhea
flow of pus from the ear
cochlea
a structure that is also a duct filled with fluid that vibrates when sound waves strike it. it is snail-shaped structure in the inner ear where sound vibrations are converted into nerve impulses
sclera
also known as the white of the eye; it maintains the shape of he eye and protects the delicate inner layers of tissue
fluorescein staining
causes a corneal abrasion to appear bright green temporarily
anisocoria
a condition in which the pupils are unequal in size
macular degeneration
the condition is a gradually progressive condition in which the macula at the centre of the retina is damaged, resulting in the loss of central vision, but not total blindness.
orbitotomy
a surgical incision into the orbit. the procedure is performed for biopsy, abscess drainage, or removal of a tumor or foreign object
amblyopia
is a dimness of vision or the partial loss of sight, especially in one eye, without detectable disease of the eye
mydriatic drops
are placed into the eyes to produce temporary paralysis, forcing the pupils to remain dilated even in the presence of bright light.
optometrist
holds a doctor of optometry degree and provides primary eye care, including diagnosing eye diseases and conditions and measuring the accuracy of vision to determine whether corrective lenses are needed
optician
a health care practitioner who designs, fits, and dispenses lenses for vision correction
ophthalmologist
a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating the full spectrum of diseases and disorders of the eyes
visual acuity
the ability to distinguish object details and shape at a distance. acuity means sharpness
otomycosis
swimmer’s ear - is a fungal infection of the external auditory canal
entropion
is the inversion of the edge of an eyelid; inversion means turning inward
fenestration
a surgical procedure in which a new opening is created in the labyrinth to restore lost hearing
radial keratotomy
surgical procedure to treat myopia
nystagmus
involuntary, constant, rhythmic movement of the eyeball that can be congenital or caused by a neurological injury or drug use
mydriasis
dilation of the pupil
miosis
contraction of the pupil normally in response to exposure to light, but also possibly due to the use of prescription or illegal drugs
barotrauma
a pressure-related ear condition. can be caused by pressure changes when flying, driving in the mountains, scuba diving, or when the Eustachian tube is blocked
presbycusis
a gradual loss of sensorineural hearing that occurs as the body ages
subconjunctival hemorrhage
bleeding between the conjunctiva and the sclera
sensorineural hearing loss
develops when the auditory nerve or hair cells in the inner ear are damaged
laser iridotomy
is a procedure used to treat closed-angle glaucoma by creating an opening that allows the aqueous humor to flow between the anterior and posterior chambers of the anterior segment of the eye
laser trabeculopasty
used to treat open-angle glaucoma by creating openings in the trabecular meshwork to allow the fluid to drain properly
slit-lamp ophthalmoscopy
a diagnostic procedure that examines the structures at the front of the eye, including the cornea, iris, and lens
emmetropia
describes the normal relationship between the refractive power of the eye and the shape of the eye that enables light rays to focus correctly on the retina
diplopia
double vision; perception of two images of a single object.
corneal abrasion
an injury, such as a scratch or irritation, to the outer layers of the cornea
corneal ulcer
a pitting of the cornea caused by an infection or injury
periorbital edema
the swelling of the tissues surrounding the eye or eyes
retinitis pigmentosa
a progressive degeneration of the retina that affects night and peripheral vision
adnexa of the eyes (adnexa oculi
the structures outside the eyeball. These include the orbit, eye muscles, eyelids, eyelashes, conjunctiva and lacrimal apparatus.
