Chapter 9

Question 1

administer

Answer 1

v. to manage the way borders are maintained and how goods and people cross them

Question 2

antecedent boundaries

Answer 2

n. a border established before an area becomes heavily settled

Question 3

autonomous

Answer 3

adj. having the authority to govern territories independently of the national government; for example, by having a separate currency

Question 4

choke point

Answer 4

n. a narrow, strategic passageway to another place through which it is difficult to pass

Question 5

colonialism

Answer 5

n. the practice of claiming and dominating overseas territories

Question 6

consequent boundary

Answer 6

n. a type of subsequent boundary that takes into account the differences that exist within a cultural landscape, separating groups that have distinct languages, religions, ethnicities, or other traits

Question 7

define

Answer 7

to explicitly state in legally binding documentation such as a treaty where boundaries are located, using reference points such as natural features or lines of latitude and longitude

Question 8

delimit

Answer 8

v. to draw boundaries on a map, in accordance with a legal agreement

Question 9

demarcate

Answer 9

v. to place physical objects such as stones, pillars, walls, or fences to indicate where a boundary exists

Question 10

devolution

Answer 10

n. the process that occurs when the central power in a state is broken up among regional authorities within its borders

Question 11

exclusive economic zone

Answer 11

n. an area that extends 200 nautical miles from a state’s coast; a state has sole access to resources found within the waters or beneath the sea floor of its EEZ

Question 12

geometric boundaries

Answer 12

n. a mathematically drawn boundary that typically follows lines of latitude and longitude or is a straight-line arc between two points

Question 13

imperialism

Answer 13

n. the push to create an empire by exercising force or influence to control other nations or peoples

Question 14

irredentism

Answer 14

n. attempts by a state to acquire territories in neighboring states inhabited by people of the same nation

Question 15

multinational state

Answer 15

n. a country with various ethnicities and cultures living inside its borders

Question 16

multistate nation

Answer 16

n. people who share a cultural or ethnic background but live in more than one country

Question 17

nation-state

Answer 17

n. a politically organized and recognized territory composed of a group of people who consider themselves to be a nation

Question 18

nations

Answer 18

n. a cultural entity made up of people who have forged a common identity through a shared language, religion, heritage, or ethnicity—often all four of these

Question 19

neocolonialism

Answer 19

n. the use of economic, political, cultural, or other pressures to control or influence other countries, especially former dependencies

Question 20

political geography

Answer 20

n. the study of the ways in which the world is organized as a reflection of the power different groups hold over territory

Question 21

relics

Answer 21

n. a former boundary that no longer has an official function

Question 22

self-determination

Answer 22

n. the right of all people to choose their own political status

Question 23

semiautnomous

Answer 23

adj. describing a region that is given partial authority to govern its territories independently from the national government

Question 24

shatterbelts

Answer 24

n. a region where states form, join, and break up because of ongoing, sometimes violent, conflicts among parties and because they are caught between the interests of more powerful outside states

Question 25

sovereignty

Answer 25

n. the right of a government to control and defend its territory and determine what happens within its borders

Question 26

state

Answer 26

n. a politically organized independent territory with a government, defined borders, and a permanent population; a country

Question 27

stateless nation

Answer 27

n. a people united by culture, language, history, and tradition but not possessing a state

Question 28

subsequent boundaries

Answer 28

n. a border drawn in an area that has been settled and where cultural landscapes exist or are in the process of being established

Question 29

superimposed

Answer 29

n. a border drawn over existing accepted borders by an outside or conquering force

Question 30

territoriality

Answer 30

n. the attempt to influence or control people and events by delimiting and asserting control over a geographic area; the connection of people, their culture, and their economic systems to the land

Question 31

united nations convention on the law of the sea

Answer 31

n. the international agreement that established the structure of maritime boundaries