Chapter 9 Flashcards
administer
v. to manage the way borders are maintained and how goods and people cross them
antecedent boundaries
n. a border established before an area becomes heavily settled
autonomous
adj. having the authority to govern territories independently of the national government; for example, by having a separate currency
choke point
n. a narrow, strategic passageway to another place through which it is difficult to pass
colonialism
n. the practice of claiming and dominating overseas territories
consequent boundary
n. a type of subsequent boundary that takes into account the differences that exist within a cultural landscape, separating groups that have distinct languages, religions, ethnicities, or other traits
define
to explicitly state in legally binding documentation such as a treaty where boundaries are located, using reference points such as natural features or lines of latitude and longitude
delimit
v. to draw boundaries on a map, in accordance with a legal agreement
demarcate
v. to place physical objects such as stones, pillars, walls, or fences to indicate where a boundary exists
devolution
n. the process that occurs when the central power in a state is broken up among regional authorities within its borders
exclusive economic zone
n. an area that extends 200 nautical miles from a state’s coast; a state has sole access to resources found within the waters or beneath the sea floor of its EEZ
geometric boundaries
n. a mathematically drawn boundary that typically follows lines of latitude and longitude or is a straight-line arc between two points
imperialism
n. the push to create an empire by exercising force or influence to control other nations or peoples
irredentism
n. attempts by a state to acquire territories in neighboring states inhabited by people of the same nation
multinational state
n. a country with various ethnicities and cultures living inside its borders
multistate nation
n. people who share a cultural or ethnic background but live in more than one country
nation-state
n. a politically organized and recognized territory composed of a group of people who consider themselves to be a nation
nations
n. a cultural entity made up of people who have forged a common identity through a shared language, religion, heritage, or ethnicity—often all four of these
neocolonialism
n. the use of economic, political, cultural, or other pressures to control or influence other countries, especially former dependencies
political geography
n. the study of the ways in which the world is organized as a reflection of the power different groups hold over territory
relics
n. a former boundary that no longer has an official function
self-determination
n. the right of all people to choose their own political status
semiautnomous
adj. describing a region that is given partial authority to govern its territories independently from the national government
shatterbelts
n. a region where states form, join, and break up because of ongoing, sometimes violent, conflicts among parties and because they are caught between the interests of more powerful outside states
sovereignty
n. the right of a government to control and defend its territory and determine what happens within its borders
state
n. a politically organized independent territory with a government, defined borders, and a permanent population; a country
stateless nation
n. a people united by culture, language, history, and tradition but not possessing a state
subsequent boundaries
n. a border drawn in an area that has been settled and where cultural landscapes exist or are in the process of being established
superimposed
n. a border drawn over existing accepted borders by an outside or conquering force
territoriality
n. the attempt to influence or control people and events by delimiting and asserting control over a geographic area; the connection of people, their culture, and their economic systems to the land
united nations convention on the law of the sea
n. the international agreement that established the structure of maritime boundaries
