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Psychology 105 > Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Flashcards

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1
Q

child Prodigy

A

and individual who displays outstanding intelligence at an early age

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2
Q

according to Boring intelligence is….

A

whatever intelligence tests measure.

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3
Q

In psychology the definition of intelligence is…

A

controversial

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4
Q

Galton believed that knowledge is first achieved through….

A

the senses

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5
Q

according to Galton better ____ = _________

A

better senses = smarter

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6
Q

Galton believed that intelligence is the byproduct of ______

A

sensory capacity

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7
Q

who worked with Galton?

A

Cattell

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8
Q

Galton and Cattell’s claims were found to be _______

A

false

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9
Q

Who developed the 1st intelligence test?

A

Binet and Simon

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10
Q

What is an intelligence test

A

a diagnostic tool designed to measure overall thinking ability.

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11
Q

Binet and Simon recognized….

A

Higher mental processes like reasoning, understanding, and judgment

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12
Q

what is abstract thinking?

A

the capacity to understand hypothetical concepts

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13
Q

Most agreed that intelligence consists of _____ , ______, _____, _________. however in China they view intelligence as anyone who is ________ and performs actions for the greater good.

A

-reason abstractly
- adapt to environment
- acquire Knowledge
- Benefit from experience
- humble

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14
Q

What did Spearman discuss?

A

g and s

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15
Q

what was g and whos idea was it?

A

spearman
g - general intelligence - factor that accounts for overall differences in intellect among people. - general smarts - implies that some people are just plain smarter than others
- just like how some cars have more powerful engines than others, some people are just plain smarter than others, because they have better brains.

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16
Q

What was s and who’s idea was it?

A

spearman
s - specific abilities - unique to each item - our performance depends on our abilities in specific domains.

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17
Q

what implies that some people are just plain smarter than others.

A

g - by spearman

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18
Q

what did Thurstone discover?

A

some intelligence test items are more highly related to each other than others.

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19
Q

Cattel and Horn model of….

A

fluid and crystalized intelligence
- intelligence is the mixture of these two capacities

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20
Q

what is fluid intelligence?

A

the capacity to learn new ways

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21
Q

what is crystalized intelligence?

A

accumulated knowledge we acquire over time.
- facts
-long term memories

22
Q

Fluid or crystalized declines with age and is more related to general intelligence.

A

fluid

23
Q

fluid or crystalized increases with age?

A

crystalized

24
Q

what are multiple intelligences?

A

the idea that people vary in their ability levels across different domains of intellectual skill

25
Q

Gardner’s ________

A

frames of mind - different ways of thinking about the world

26
Q

how many intelligences did Gardner propose?

A

8

27
Q

what were the 8 intelligences that Gardner proposed? describe.

A

linguistic - speak and write well
logico-mathematical - math/science
spatial - think and reason in 3D
musical - perform, understand, enjoy
bodily-kinesthetic - manipulate body
interpersonal - interact with others
intrapersonal - interact with self
naturalistic - animals, plants, living things

28
Q

Who proposed the triarchic model?

A

Sternberg

29
Q

what was the triarchic model?

A

there are 3 types of intelligence
analytical practical creative

30
Q

what are the three types of intelligence according to the triachric model?

A

analytical practical creative

31
Q

what is analytical knowledge?

A

ability to reason logically - book smarts

32
Q

what is practical knowledge?

A

the ability to solve real - world problems - street smarts - social intelligence

33
Q

what is creative knowledge?

A

the ability to come up with novel and effective answers

34
Q

the prefrontal cortex is active during ____ tasks

A

g

35
Q

how do we calculate IQ using mental age?

A

mental age over chronological age x 100

36
Q

what is mental age?

A

age corresponding to score on intelligence test

37
Q

what was the eugenics movement?

A

a movement to improve a populations genetic stock by encouraging ppl with good genes to reproduce and those with bad to not

38
Q

what is the most common IQ test used today?

A

WAIS scale

39
Q

what five things are measured on the WAIS scale?

A

Overall IQ
Verbal Comprehension
Perceptual Reasoning
Working Memory
Processing Speed

40
Q

what are culture fair tests

A

IQ tests that do not depend on language

41
Q

IQ runs in families T/F

A

true
siblings - 0.5 - similar
cousins - 0.15 - not similar

42
Q

fraternal twins intelligence is no more similar than regular siblings T/F

A

true

43
Q

twins reared apart are as similar as twins reared together T/F

A

true

44
Q

what is the flynn effect

A

the average IQ of the pop has been rising about 3 points each year

45
Q

what 4 factors have allowed the Flynn effect to take place.

A

better testing of IQ
more complex world
better nutrition
changes in school and home

46
Q

females are better at what tasks?

A
  • verbal
    -emotions
  • spelling
    -writing
    -arithmetic
47
Q

children born later have higher IQ t/f

A

false - they have lower

48
Q

Men have a slightly lower IQ than women T/F

A

false - slightly higher

49
Q

Men Do better in what tasks?

A

spatial ability
geography
math

50
Q

what is divergent thinking?

A

thinking outside the box

51
Q

what is convergent thinking?

A

finding the single best answer to a problem

Psychology 105 (8 decks)

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