Chapter 13 Flashcards
what is social Psychology?
the study of how people influence others behavior’s
- often we think that others are vulnerable to social influence but we aren’t - b/c we think highly of ourselves
humans are_________ social species
Highly
need-to-belong theory
humans have a biological need for interpersonal connections
what is the difference between upward and downward social comparison?
upward - we compare ourselves to ppl who seem superior to us
downward - we compare ourselves to ppl who seem lesser to us
what is the idea of social contagion?
we look at others to know how we should feel
can lead to mass hysteria
what is an attribution?
the process of assigning causes to behavior’s
what are the two types of attributions?
internal - inside person
external - outside person
what is the fundamental attribution error?
the tendency to overestimate the impact of dispositional influences on others behavior’s
- we attribute too much of peoples behavior’s to who they are
attributing too much of some ones behavior to their disposition and not enough to situations
we overestimate the impact of ______ and underestimate the impact of __________ in others, but do the opposite in ourselves
dispositional
situational
______ is less likely to happen in japanese and chinaese peoples
fundamental attribution error
what is conformity?
the tendency to alter our behavior’s as a result of group pressure
what factors influence conformity?
-unanimity - increase in unanimity = more likely to conform
- difference in the wrong answer - if someone differs = less conformity
- size - larger groups are no more likely to conform that small groups
what is deindividualization
the tendency of people to engage in uncharacteristic behavior when they are stripped of their usual identities
- prison study - when people were labled the prisoners they began to act like it
groupthink
emphasis on group unanimity at the expense of critical thinking
- groups make poor decisions
cults
- groups that exhibit intense and unquestioning devotion to a single cause
- persuasive leader
- disconnect from outside world
- no questioning
- indoctrinate members
what was milgrams study?
- the shocks delivers
- tested to see how terrible people could be to each other - how obedient they are
in milgrams study : distance between teacher and experimenter =
less obidence
in milgrams study : distance between teacher and learner =
more obedience
what is prosocial behaviour?
help others
agression is _______ behaviour
antisocial
bystander nonintervention
when ppl see someone in need but fail to help them
pluralistic insurance
error of assuming that no one in a group perceives things as we do
diffusion of responsibility
feelings of less personal responsibility in the presence of others
social loafing
ppl slack off in groups
- group projects
altruism
helping others for selfless reasons
aggression
behavior intended to hurt others
males experience more ___ aggression whereas females experience _______ aggression
physical
relational
attitudes
a belief with an emotional component
recognition hueristic
the more you hear it the more you use it
cognitive dissance theory
two conflicting ideas
- believe to be one type of thinking but something else you do conflicts with this
self perception theory
attitudes acquired from observing our behavior’s
impression managment theory
we dont actually chagne our attitudes but say we do to avoid inconsistancy
what are the two pathways to persuading others?
central route
peripheral route
central route
focus on informational content
peripheral route
surface aspects
emotion that triggers a response
what are the persuasion techniques?
foot-in-the-door - agree to do something small, then push for more
door-in-the-face - as for something big knowing you wont get it, so that you get what you actually want
low-ball - starts with a low price but adds on hidden costs for the desirable options
but you are free - ask someone to do something with the option of refusal - you arent doing anything, help me
scapegoat hypothesis
arises from a need to blame other groups for our misfortunes
just world hypothesis
implies that we have a need to see the world as fair
sterotype, discirmination, and prejudice
sterotype - idea
dis- action
pre - feeling
