Chapter 13

Question 1

what is social Psychology?

Answer 1

the study of how people influence others behavior’s
- often we think that others are vulnerable to social influence but we aren’t - b/c we think highly of ourselves

Question 2

humans are_________ social species

Answer 2

Highly

Question 3

need-to-belong theory

Answer 3

humans have a biological need for interpersonal connections

Question 4

what is the difference between upward and downward social comparison?

Answer 4

upward - we compare ourselves to ppl who seem superior to us
downward - we compare ourselves to ppl who seem lesser to us

Question 5

what is the idea of social contagion?

Answer 5

we look at others to know how we should feel
can lead to mass hysteria

Question 6

what is an attribution?

Answer 6

the process of assigning causes to behavior’s

Question 7

what are the two types of attributions?

Answer 7

internal - inside person
external - outside person

Question 8

what is the fundamental attribution error?

Answer 8

the tendency to overestimate the impact of dispositional influences on others behavior’s
- we attribute too much of peoples behavior’s to who they are
attributing too much of some ones behavior to their disposition and not enough to situations

Question 9

we overestimate the impact of ______ and underestimate the impact of __________ in others, but do the opposite in ourselves

Answer 9

dispositional
situational

Question 10

______ is less likely to happen in japanese and chinaese peoples

Answer 10

fundamental attribution error

Question 11

what is conformity?

Answer 11

the tendency to alter our behavior’s as a result of group pressure

Question 12

what factors influence conformity?

Answer 12

-unanimity - increase in unanimity = more likely to conform
- difference in the wrong answer - if someone differs = less conformity
- size - larger groups are no more likely to conform that small groups

Question 13

what is deindividualization

Answer 13

the tendency of people to engage in uncharacteristic behavior when they are stripped of their usual identities
- prison study - when people were labled the prisoners they began to act like it

Question 14

groupthink

Answer 14

emphasis on group unanimity at the expense of critical thinking
- groups make poor decisions

Question 15

cults

Answer 15

• groups that exhibit intense and unquestioning devotion to a single cause
• persuasive leader
• disconnect from outside world
• no questioning
• indoctrinate members

Question 16

what was milgrams study?

Answer 16

• the shocks delivers
• tested to see how terrible people could be to each other - how obedient they are

Question 17

in milgrams study : distance between teacher and experimenter =

Answer 17

less obidence

Question 18

in milgrams study : distance between teacher and learner =

Answer 18

more obedience

Question 19

what is prosocial behaviour?

Answer 19

help others

Question 20

agression is _______ behaviour

Answer 20

antisocial

Question 21

bystander nonintervention

Answer 21

when ppl see someone in need but fail to help them

Question 22

pluralistic insurance

Answer 22

error of assuming that no one in a group perceives things as we do

Question 23

diffusion of responsibility

Answer 23

feelings of less personal responsibility in the presence of others

Question 24

social loafing

Answer 24

ppl slack off in groups
- group projects

Question 25

altruism

Answer 25

helping others for selfless reasons

Question 26

aggression

Answer 26

behavior intended to hurt others

Question 27

males experience more ___ aggression whereas females experience _______ aggression

Answer 27

physical
relational

Question 28

attitudes

Answer 28

a belief with an emotional component

Question 29

recognition hueristic

Answer 29

the more you hear it the more you use it

Question 30

cognitive dissance theory

Answer 30

two conflicting ideas
- believe to be one type of thinking but something else you do conflicts with this

Question 31

self perception theory

Answer 31

attitudes acquired from observing our behavior’s

Question 32

impression managment theory

Answer 32

we dont actually chagne our attitudes but say we do to avoid inconsistancy

Question 33

what are the two pathways to persuading others?

Answer 33

central route
peripheral route

Question 34

central route

Answer 34

focus on informational content

Question 35

peripheral route

Answer 35

surface aspects
emotion that triggers a response

Question 36

what are the persuasion techniques?

Answer 36

foot-in-the-door - agree to do something small, then push for more
door-in-the-face - as for something big knowing you wont get it, so that you get what you actually want
low-ball - starts with a low price but adds on hidden costs for the desirable options
but you are free - ask someone to do something with the option of refusal - you arent doing anything, help me

Question 37

scapegoat hypothesis

Answer 37

arises from a need to blame other groups for our misfortunes

Question 38

just world hypothesis

Answer 38

implies that we have a need to see the world as fair

Question 39

sterotype, discirmination, and prejudice

Answer 39

sterotype - idea
dis- action
pre - feeling