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Psychology 105 > Chapter 14 > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Flashcards

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1
Q

Personality

A

peoples typical ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving

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2
Q

traits

A

predispositions that influence our behavior’s across many situations
- account for consistencies in our behavior’s

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3
Q

what are the three influences on personality?

A

genetic - personality is linked to biological parents makeup
shared environmental - experiences within the same family make them more alike
nonshared environmental - experiences make individuals within the same family less alike

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4
Q

Shared environment plays ________role in adult personality

A

little to no role

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5
Q

Genes directly influence traits T/F

A

true

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6
Q

who was Freud and what did he believe? what was his theory?

A

neurologist that developed the first comprehensive theory of personality
psychoanalytical theory

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7
Q

who developed the psychoanalytical theory?

A

freud

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8
Q

what is the psychoanalytical theory? what are the three primary assumptions?

A

1 psychic determinism
2 symbolic meaning
3 unconscious motivation

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9
Q

what is psychic determinism?

A

all psychological events have a cause
we arent free to choose out actions

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10
Q

what is symbolic meaning?

A

no action is meaningless - everything is a symbol for something

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11
Q

what is unconscious motivation?

A

rarely understand why we do what we do

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12
Q

Freud though the psyche consisted of three components which are..

A

ID - primitive instincts - sex and aggression
Ego - decision maker - deal with real world
Superego - sense of morality - ppl with high superego are guilty

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13
Q

what are defense mechanisms?

A

unconscious maneuvers intended to minimize anxiety - tools for coping

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14
Q

what are the 7 defense mechanisms?

A

repression
denial
projection
displacement
rationalization
intellectualization
sublimation

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15
Q

what is repression

A

motivated forgetting of emotionally threatening memories
forget because you want to

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16
Q

what is denial?

A

motivated forgetting of distressing experiences

17
Q

what is projection?

A

attribution of our negative qualities onto others

18
Q

what is displacement?

A

direct an unacceptable impulse into one that is more acceptable/safe

19
Q

what is rationalization?

A

reasonable explaination for something that is not

20
Q

what is intellectualization?

A

avoid anxiety by thinking about abstract and interpersonal thoughts

21
Q

what is sublimation?

A

transforming impulse into a goal

22
Q

who developed the stages of psychosexual development? what are they?

A

freud
we pass through stages that are focused on erogenous zones of the body - if we get fixated on a stage we cannot move on

23
Q

what does erogenous mean?

A

sexually arousing

24
Q

what are the stages of the psychosexual development theory? - describe

A

oral - birth - 12/18 months - mouth - suck/drink
anal - 18mo-3yrs - toilet training - ego develops
phallic - 3-6yrs - genitals - love opp sex parent
latency - 6-12 - find opp sex yucky
genital - 12+ - sexual impulses

25
Q

neo-Freudians - how did they differ?

A
  • less emphasis on sexuality
  • more optimistic about personal growth
26
Q

skinner believed in ______ approaches

A

behavioural

27
Q

Rodgers proposed the ___________theory

A

self actualization

28
Q

what was the self-actualization theory?

A

the drive to develop our inate potential to the fullest possible extent

29
Q

rodgers model focused on what 3 things?

A

the organism
the self
the conditions of worth

30
Q

what is the big five model

A

an approach to describe personality

31
Q

what are the big 5

A

openness to experience
conscientiousness
extraversion
agreeableness
neuroticism

32
Q

what is openness to experience

A

curiosity and unconventional
high - creative, new things, challenges, abstract thinking
low- no change, not imaginative, no new ideas

33
Q

what is conscientiousness?

A

careful and responsible
high - perpared, finishes tasks, detail, schedual
low - no structure, not on time

34
Q

what is extraversion?

A

social and lively
high - center of attention, meet new ppl, convo starter
low - think before talk, no small talk

35
Q

what is agreeableness?

A

social able and easy to get along with
high - forgiveness, caring,helping,empathy
low - doesnt care for/about others

36
Q

what is Neuroticism?

A

tense and moody
high - upset often, mood swings, anxious
low - emontionally stable, handle stress, rarely upset

37
Q

tendencies VS adaptations

A

t - underlying personality traits
a - behavioral manifestations

38
Q

MMPI

A

low face validity
good for mental disorders - bad in other ways

Psychology 105 (8 decks)

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