Chapter 8 - Wood construction Flashcards
Give few examples for each wood type. What is the main purpose of each type?
Hardwood: Produced from deciduous (leaf-shedding) trees, such as maple, oak, and walnut.
Used for furniture and flooring
Softwood: produced from conifers (needle-like leaves) trees, such as pine, fir, and spruce
Used in construction for structural purposes
What is the moisture content formula?
Weight of moisture in the wood / Ovendry weight of the wood
True or false: Wood in its natural state has 10% or more moisture than dry wood
False. 30% or more
What happens when the wood moisture goes below 30%?
Wood shrinks & strenth properties increases
What is warping?
A wood defect that occurs due to excess loss of moisture
What is the definition of Lumber? What is it divided into?
Lumber: Any wood that is cut into a shape suitable for use as a building material
- Board: Less than 2 in. thick and at least 2 in. wide
- Post: timber that is approximately square in cross-section
- Dimension: at least 2 in. but less than 5 in. thick and 2 in. or wider
- Beam & Stringer: at least 5 in. thick and 8 in. wide (graded for its strength in bending with load applied to its thickness)
What is rough lumber? What is dressed lumber S1S1E?
Rought lumber: Sawn on all 4 sides, not surfaced.
S1S1E: Surfaced on one side and 1 edge
What is the content moisture of green, dry, and Kiln-dried lumber?
- Green lumber: moisture content >19%.
- Dry lumber: moisture content ≤19%.
- Kiln-dried: moisture content ≤15%.
What are the main benefits of the use of Fire-retardant & Mold-Resistant Treated Wood?
Apart from reducing fires and more flexible designs? CHEAPER INSURANCE
How many layers does plywood have?
3 layers or more of wood veneers.
Name 3 structural wood products (out of 9)
1) Fire-retardant & Mold-Resistant Treated Wood:
2) Plywood
3) Plyform
4) Engineered wood
5) Laminated veneer lumber (LVL)
6) Particleboard
7) Waferboard
8) I-Joists
9) Glulam
What are the recommended steps to reduce termite attack
1) Install a metal termite shield on top of the foundation
2) Clean this construction site by removing all wood scraps, paper and cardboard from it.
3) Chemically treat soil & wood
4) Use poured concrete foundation rather than a concrete block (minimizes gaps). If a block is necessary, use a 4” concrete cap.
What does a foundation with a crawl space mean?
Small distance between the ground floor and the main floor of the building (1”-6”)
What are the 2 main ways of wall framing? describe each.
Ballon - ideal for a 2-story building. Supported by a ribbon.
Platform - Most common (up to 5 stories). Workers stand on each floor and build the walls later.
*Exterior walls go all the way from foundation to ceilings
