Chapter 8 Terminology Flashcards
Integumentary system
The skin and its layers
Dermatology
The study of the skin, it’s structure, functions, diseases and treatment
Keratin
The primary component of the skin cells; which contains several chemical elements such as carbon, oxygen, hydrogen,nitrogen, and sulfur.
Stratum corneum
The toughest layer of the epidermis; hardened, “ cornified”, “horny” cells
Stratum lucidum
The layer of the epidermis just below the stratum corneum; it is the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet, where there are no hair follicles
Histology
microscopic study of the skins tissue.
Stratum granulosum
The layer of the epidermis below the stratum lucidum and above the the stratum spinosum; in this layer the cells become more regularly shaped and look like many tiny granules
Stratum spinosum
The layer of the epidermis just above the stratum germinativum; sometimes considered part of the stratum germinativum; includes cells that have absorbed melanin to distribute pigmentation to other cells
Stratum germinativum
The lowest layer of the epidermis where mitosis or cell division takes place; begins with the stratum basale, or basale cell layer, which is a single layer thick
Dermis
Is the “true skin”. This layer functions as the skins main support structure, since it is comprised of many connective tissues & is rich in capillaries & blood vessels.
Whorls
Strong circular directional growth of hair on either side of the nape or crown
Mast cells
Located in the dermis. These cells respond to allergies by releasing small granules alled tistarnies
Langerhan cells
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Eccrine glands
Sweat glands located throughout the entire body & are most abundant on forehead, the palms of the hands & soles of the feet.
Aprocrine glands
sweat glands under the arm, in the genitals & the nipples.
Intercellur cement
Substance that binds, adds structure strength & medicates biochemical interactions between cells, such as lipids or fatty acids.
Squamous
Within this layer protect the layers below the stratum corneum.
Epithelial
cover and protect the inside of the body
Furuncle
(Boil) Is a painful infection of a hair follicle & adjacent subcutaneous tissue that appears as a firm nodule w/ a center hard pus-filled core (one hair follicle).
Verruca
Foot wart
Open comedo
Is plugged sebaceous gland with an opening that is not wildly dilated.
Milia
Pearly white enclosed cysts
Malaria rubria
Acute burning, itching rash, caused by excessive heat.
Leukoderma
Is a congenital disorder that occurs when the skin lacks pigmentation (hydro-pigmentation) due to decrease in melanoma activity
Nevus
Birth mark or a congenital mole, caused by dilation of a small blood vessels & usually does not disappear.
Lentigo
(Freckle) Small yellowish or brownish spot on the skin, particular on the face, hands, neck.
Keratosis
The build up of skin cells on the epidermis
Seasonal disease
A skin condition or disorder inflected by the weather or seasonal change.
Rosasea
A chronic inflammatory condition of the face in which the small capillaries of the face become dilated & inflamed.
Closed comedo
Open follicle with a black surface plug, which has been oxidized & discolored due to the serums contact w/ air.
Functions of the skin
- Protection - Absorption - Sertion - Excretion - Regulation - sensation.
Layers of the skin
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Papillary dermis
Layer lies directly beneath the epidermis. It is rich in blood vessels and capillaries, which provide nutrients to the upper layer.
Reticular dermis
The lowest layer of the dermis is in direct contact w/ the next layer of skin. Contain fewer blood vessels.
Subcutaneous layer
located below the dermis and is composed primarily of adipose (fatty) tissue.
Dermatitis
An inflammatory disorder of the skin.
Extrinsic vs intrinsic aging
E: (skin determination) caused by external factors that are within an individuals control, such as sun exposure, smoking, & alchol.
Fitzpatrick scale
Shows how different skin types react to uv.
