Chapter 8: Reversal and Alternating Treatment Designs Flashcards
a three phase experimental design consisting of an initial baseline phase (A) until steady state responding for counter therapeutic trend) is observed, an intervention phase in which the treatment condition (B) is implemented until the behavior has changed and steady state responding is obtained and return to baseline (A) conditions by withdrawing the independent variable to see whether responding reverses to labels observed in the initial baseline phase
A-B-A Design
an experimental design consisting of (1) an initial baseline phase (A) until steady state reasoning or counter therapeutic trend is obtained (2) an initial intervention phase in which the treatment variable (B) is implemented until the bx has changed and steady state responding is obtained (3) return to baseline conditions (A) by withdrawing the independent variable to see whether responding refers to levels observed in initial baseline phase and (4) a second intervention phase (B) to see whether initial treatment effects are replicated ( also called reversal design, withdrawal design)
A-B-A-B Design
an experimental design in which two or more conditions (one of which may be a non treatment control conditions) are presented in rapidly alternating succession (e.g. on alternating sessions or days) independent of the level of responding differences in responding between or among conditions are attributed to the effects of the conditions (also called concurrent schedule design, multielement design, multiple schedule design)
Alternating Treatment Design
a three phase experimental design that begins with the treatment condition. After steady state responding has been obtained during the initial treatment phase (B) the treatment variable is withdrawn (A) to see whether responding changes in the absence of the independent variable. The treatment variable is then reintroduced (B) in an attempt to recapture that level of responding obtained during the first treatment phase.
B-A-B Design
an experimental technique that demonstrates the effects of reinforcement it uses differential r+ of an incompatible or alternative behavior (DRI/DRA) as a control condition instead of a no-reinforcement (baseline) condition. During the DRI/DRA condition the stimulus change used as R+ in the R+ condition is presented contingent on occurrence of a specified behavior that is either incompatible with the target behavior or an alternative to the target behavior. A higher level of responding during the R+ condition than during the DRI?DRA condition demonstrates that the changes in bdx are the result of contingent r+ not simple the presentation of or contact with the stimulus event
DRI/DRA reversal technique
an experimental technique for demonstrating the effects of R+ by using differential r+ of other behavior (DRO) as a control condition instead of a no-R+ (bsl) condition. During the DRO condition, the stimulus used as R+ in the R+ condition is presented contingent on the absence of the target bx for a specified time period. A higher level of responding during the R+ condition than during the DRO condition demonstrates that the changes in bx are the result of contingent R_ not simply the presentation or or contact with the stimulus event.
DRO reversal technique
a situation that occurs when the level of responding observed in a previous phase cannot be reproduced even though the experimental condition are the same as they were during the earlier phase
Irreversibility-
(see Alternating treatment design) an experimental design in which two or more conditions (one of which may be a non treatment control conditions) are presented in rapidly alternating succession (e.g. on alternating sessions or days) independent of the level of responding differences in responding between or among conditions are attributed to the effects of the conditions (also called concurrent schedule design, multielement design, multiple schedule design)
Multielement design
the effects of one treatment on a subjects bex being confounding by the influence of another treatment administered in the same study
Multiple treatment interference
an experimental design that uses the experimental methods and logic of the reversal tactic to compare the effects of two or more experimental conditions to baseline and or to one another (e.g. A-B-A-B-C-B-C, A-B-A-C-A-D-A, A-B-A-B-B+B-B+C)
Multiple treatment reversal design
An experimental control technique that demonstrates the effects of R by using NCR as a control condition instead of no-R+ (BSL) condition . During the NCR condition, the stimulus change used as R+ in the R+ condition, is present on a fixed or variable time schedule independent of the subject’s behavior . a higher level of responding during the R+ condition during the NCR condition demonstrates that the changes in behavior are the result of contingent reinforcement not simply the present ation or contact with the stimulus event.
(NCR) reversal technique
an experimental design in which the researcher attempts to verify the effect of the independent variable bby reversing responding to a level obtained ian a previous condition: encompases experimental design in which the independent variable is withdrawn (ABAB) or reversed in its focus (DRI/DRA)
Reversal design
the effects on a subject’s behavior in a given condition that are the results of the subjects experience with a prior condition
Sequence effects
a term used by some authors as a synonym for ABAB designs also used to describe experiments in which effect treatment is sequentially or partially withdrawn to promote the maintenance of behavior changes
Withdrawal design
