Chapter 8 Pt 1 Flashcards
neurocognitive disorders comprise a group of conditions defined by what
decline from a previous level of cognitive functioning
what are the six cognitive domains that may be affected
Complex Attention Executive Function Learning and Memory Language Perceptual-motor skills social cognition (interaction
the DSM-V decides neurocognitive disorders into what 3 main categories
delirium
mild NCDs
Major NCDs
delirium is considered a medical what
EMERGENCY
may be the only early manifestation of a serious illness
what is the ICU triad
delirium
pain
agitation
delirium is REVERSIBLE but it can potentially advance to what
Coma
seizures
death
delirium is associated with what kind of mortality
HIGH
up to 40% of individuals die within one year of diagnosis
as many as what percent of medically admitted patients develop delirium
50%
what are some alternative terms for delirium
toxic or metabolic encephalopathy acute organic brain syndrome acute confusional state acute toxic psychosis ICU psychosis
what are common causes od medication induced delirium
TCAs Anticholinergics Benzos Nonbenzo hypnotics (Z drugs) cotricosteroids H2 blockers Meperidine
what are some risk factors for delirium
poly pharmacy, including the use of psychotropic medications (especially benzos and anticholinergic) advanced age preexisting cognitive impairment or depression prior history of delirium alcohol use severe or terminal illness multiple medical comorbidities impaired mobility hearing or vision impairment malnutrition male gender pain
the DSM-5 recognizes what 5 broad categories of delirium
substance intoxication delirium substance withdrawal delirium medication-induced delirium delirium due to another medical condition delirium due to multiple etiologies
what are the clinical manifestations of delirium
primarily disorder of ATTENTION and AWARENESS (i.e. ORIENTATION)
cognitive defects DEVELOP ACUTELY over hours to days
symptoms FLUCTUATE throughout the course of the day, typically WORSENING AT NIGHT
deficits in RECENT MEMORY, language abnormalities, or perceptual disturbances (usually VISUAL illusions or hallucinations)
circadian rhythm disruption and emotional symptoms
what are the three types of delirium based on psychomotor activity
mixed type (most common)
hypoactive ("quiet") type
hater active ("ICU psychosis") typewhat is seen in the mixed type of delirium
MOST COMMON
psychomotor activity may remain stable at baseline or fluctuate rapidly between hyperactivity and hypoactiviity
