Chapter 8 Properties of Populations Flashcards
Population
a group of individuals of the same species living in a given area at a given time
Unitary organisms
Form, development, growth, and longevity are predictable and determinate from conception on. The zygote, formed through sexual reproduction, grows into a genetically unique organism (like a bear or a human)
Modular Organisms
- The zygote (the genetic individual) develops into a unit of construction, a module, which then produces further, similar modules. (PLANT WITH MODULLES THAT CREATE MODULES THAT CREATE MODUES)
Genet
individual plants produced by sexual reproduction
Ramet
asexually produced individuals derived from the genetic parent
Clone
group of ramets from the same genet make up a clone
Population distribution
area in which the population occurs
Ubiquitous
– a species with an extensive geographic range, found in Many locations
Endemic
– species restricted in distribution to a particular location, limited geographic distribution
Metapopulation
– separated populations of a species interconnected by movement of individuals among habitat patches
Abundance
– total number of individuals in the population
Crude population density
number of individuals per unit area
Ecology population density
density measured in terms of area available as habitat… example: bird density per acre of land is crude; bird density per acre of possible forest habitat is ecological density
Dispersion
– spatial distribution of individuals within a population
Dispersal
leaving an area of birth or activity for another area
Purpose of producing ramets?
To extent life of plant! So when older modules die, others live and new ones appear!
Geographic range
when the defined area encompasses all the individuals of a species
Distribution vs abundance
distribution- spatial extent of population
abundance- total number of individuals within the area
2 Factors of Abundance
- Population Density- number of individuals per area… using crude or ecological
- Population distribution (AREA OF POP)
Why is crude density not always accurate?
Because not equally numerous individuals across the geographic range. Ecological allows us to focus on habitats
Random vs Uniform vs Clumped spatial distributions
random is random
uniform is territorial and even
clumped is like herds of fish or schools of buffalo
Plants that reproduce asexually form what kind of spatial distribution?
clumped as they form from the parent plant
3 age classes that are common
prereproductive
reproductive
post reproductive
dendrochronology
counting rings of trees to age trees
