Chapter 5 Adaptations Flashcards
Ecology
study of the interactions of organisms and their environment
Ecosystem ecology
interactions with physical environment that involve feedback mechanisms
Population ecology
mechanisms relating to competition within a population
Community ecology
Community - mechanisms relation to the interaction between species
Adaptation
characteristics that enable an organism to thrive in a given environment (these characteristics are heritable)
Environmental Tolerances
environmental conditions beyond which an organism can no longer maintain a positive response (many different rages from survival, growth, reproduction, and optimal)
Gene
stretch of DNA coding (eye color)
Allele
forms of a gene (brown eyes allele or green eyes allele)
Locus
position occupied by a gene on the chromosome is called this
Gene expression
process of creating proteins from the genetic code in DNA
Genotype -
genetic makeup of an organism (combined genetic material)
Phenotype –
the expressed traits of an organism (physical expression of genotype)
Two models of gene expression
complete dominance and incomplete dominance
Complete dominance
one allele is completely dominant
Incomplete dominance
heterozygous individuals are intermediate where each allele has a proportional effect on the phenotype
Homo/heter zygous
dependent on alleles at this locus. If the alleles are same vs different at the locus
Norm of reaction –
set of phenotypes expressed by a genotype in different environments…
Phenotypic Plasticity -
ability of a genotype to express different phenotypical characteristics under different environmental conditions
Acclimation –
reversible phenotypical changes in an organism in response to changing environmental conditions
Developmental plasticity –
differences in phenotypical traits for a given genotype under different environmental conditions that OCCUR DURING GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT THAT ARE IRREVERSIBLE!