Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSYCH 105 > Chapter 8-Personality > Flashcards

Chapter 8-Personality Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

what is personality?

A

enduring ways of thinking, feeling, and acting that characterize a person’s response to situations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

behaviours attributed to personality

A

-components of identity
-perceived internal cause
-percieved organization and structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Freud’s psychoanalytic theory

A

he believed that the unconscious part of the mind exerts a lot of influence on our behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

psychic energy

A

what Freud believes powers the mind and pushes for either direct or indirect releases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

mental events in our mind are:

A

conscious,preconscious, and unconscious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Id structure of personality

A

innermost core of personality and has no direct contact with reality
-cannot satisfy directly
-pleasure principle=seeks immediate gratification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

ego structure of personality

A

-reality principle-tests reality when id can discharge its impulses
-delay gratification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

superego structure of personality

A

morals
-internalized ideals
-block gratification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

conscious

A

awareness of current environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

preconscious

A

aware but can’t be recalled;availible to awareness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

unconscious

A

the wishes/impulses that we’re unaware of

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

defense mechanisms ______ reality and operate ______

A

distort;unconsciously

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

displacement

A

when acceptable or dangerous impulse is repressed then redirected to another target

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

repression

A

ego uses energy to stop thoughts coming into consciousness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

sublimation

A

where different and negative drives are channeld into acceptable behaviours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

regression

A

retreats into infantile stage of life when overwhelmed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

denial

A

refusal to believe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

projection

A

impulse is attributed to other people
-see/project your bad qualities in other people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

pyschosexual development

A

personality developed through a series of childhood stages in which pleasure seeking energies from the child became focused on certain erogenous areas.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

oral stage
age:
erogenous zone:
key task:

A

age:0-2
erogenous zone: mouth
key task: derive pleasure from oral activities, weaning (go from breast milk to other fluids/foods)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

anal stage
age:
erogenous zone:
key task:

A

age: 2-3
erogenous zone: anus
key task: toilet training

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

phallic stage
age:
erogenous zone:
key task:

A

age: 4-6
erogenous zone: genitals
key task: boys are more attached to thier mother while girls are more attatched to their father; resolve oedipus complex

23
Q

latency stage
age:
erogenous zone:
key task:

A

age: 7-puberty
erogenous zone: none
key task: develop social relationships with others

24
Q

genital stage
age:
erogenous zone:
key task:

A

age: beyond pubery
erogenous zone: genitals
key task: develop mature social and sexual partners

25
Q

neoanalytic approach

A

The neo-Freudians were psychologists whose work followed from Freud’s. They generally agreed with Freud that childhood experiences matter, but they decreased the emphasis on sex as a source of energy and conflict while focusing more on the social environment and effects of culture on personality.
-Alder was motivated by social interest and strived for superiority

26
Q

humanistic approach

A

humanists embrace and emphasize the good of the human
-reaching self actualization, our best version of ourselves=abraham maslow

27
Q

George Kelly’s personal constuct theory

A

believed that the primary goal of our lives is to make sense out of the world by finding personal meaning in the world
-how people construct their reality

28
Q

personal constructs

A

cognitive categories which sort the people and events in their lives
-basis for individual differences

29
Q

Carl Rogers Self Theory

A

believed that behaviour is a response to our immediate conscious experience of self and the environment
-the forces that direct our behaviours are within us
-idea of self concept
-an increased level of congruence is needed between the self-worth, real self, and ideal self.

30
Q

self concept

A

organized, consistent set of perceptions and beliefs about yourself
-consistency and congruence with our self perceptions
-guide perceptions then direct behaviours

31
Q

anything that is going to interrupt our self concept in terms of self-congruence is going to cause _____

A

anxiety

32
Q

high self esteem

A

fewer interpersonal problems and higher achievement

33
Q

poor self esteem

A

anxiety, depression, poor achievement, and relationships

34
Q

need for positive regard

A

need for acceptance, sympathy, and love
-experience bring understood and valued gives freedom to grow
-lack of creates condtions of worth

35
Q

conditions of worth

A

dictates when we approve or disapprove of ourselves

36
Q

self-verification

A

motivated to confirm to self concept and seek out self-confirming relationships
-people want others to see them how they see themselves

37
Q

self enchancement

A

tendency to preserve positive self image and maintain self esteem

38
Q

factor analysis

A

each dimension of personality trait reflects a continuum of behaviour

39
Q

Eysenck’s extraversion stability model

A

has 3 dimensions that are independent of each other
-extraversion/introversion
-neuroticism (instability)/stability
-psychoticism/ socialized (self control)

40
Q

the five factor model

A

OCEAN
openness, contscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism

41
Q

evidence for biological perspective

A

-extraversion and introversion have different arousal patterns in our brains
-neuroticism also has large shifts in arousal
-differences in dopamin and serotonin

42
Q

Julian Rotter social cognitive theory
-behaviour is governed by _____ and ______
-reciprocal determinism=_________

A

behaviour is governed by expectancy and reinforcement
-personality represents an interaction of the individual with his or her environment. behaviour and environment all influence each other

43
Q

locus of control

A

an idividual’s sense of the underlying principal causes of occurrences in his or her life; can be internal or external

44
Q

human agency

A

humans are active agents in their own lives and that we’re not at the mercy of our environments

45
Q

factors of human agency

A

intentionality, forethought, self-reactiveness, self-reflectiveness

46
Q

self-efficacy

A

person’s beliefs concerning ability to perform bheaviours needed to achieve outcomes

47
Q

what influences self-efficacy

A

past performance experiences, observational learning, verbal persuasion, emotional arousal

48
Q

interviews

A

structured set of questions
-note behaviours such as appearance and speech patterns

49
Q

behavioural assessment

A

studies frequency of behaviours, specific situations

50
Q

personality scales

A

use standard questions and agreed upon scoring key

51
Q

projective tests

A

interpretation of image=projection of inner workings
-inkblots and thematic apperception test

52
Q

thematic apperception test

A

ambiguous illustrations and asked to tell a story
-themes that may relfect something about someone’s personality

53
Q

who uses what tools?
psychodynamic=
humanistic=
social-cognitive=
biological=
trait theorists=

A

psychodynamic=projective tests
humanistic=self report measures
social-cognitive=behavioural assessments
biological=physiological measurements
trait theorists=inventories

PSYCH 105 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions