Chapter 6-Treatment of Disorders Flashcards
psychoanalysis therapies goal
help patients achieve insight
insight
conscious awareness of underlying problems
-once achieved, you can adjust behaviours
free association
psychoanalysis
-say anything that comes to mind without censorship
dream interpretation
-psychoanalysis
help client understand symbolic meaning
resistance
defensive maneuvers that hinder therapy and psychoanalysis
positive transference
client responds irrationally to therapist
-feelings of love/affection towards therapist
negative transference
client responds irrationally to therapist
-feelings of hatred and aggressiveness towards therapist
problem with psychoanalysis
time consuming and expensive
psychodynamic therapies goal
-brief and more economical
-active and focussed
-examines their needs to understand them
-focus on issues at hand
cognitive therapies goal
-modify thought patterns
-eliminate maladaptive behaviours
-help clients discover and change cognitions for self-defeating
Beck’s cognitive therapy
-cognitive restructuring to identify and reprogram thought patterns
-thoughts are the core of one’s actions
Rational emotive therapy (RET)
Activating event
Belief system
Consequences (emotional and behavioural)
Disrupting maladaptive emotions and behaviours (caused by Beliefs)
operant conditioning
behaviour therapy
-reward desirable behaviours
-punish or do nothing to unwanted behaviours
exposure therapy
behaviour therapy
-treat phobias thru exposure to them
flooding
behaviour therapy
-exposed to real-life stimuli
-more extreme than exposure therapy
implosion
behaviour therapy
-imagine scenes involving stimuli
systematic desensitization
eliminate anxiety through counterconditioning
-relaxation and progressive association
in-vivo desensitization
controlled exposure to real life situations
social skills training
modelling approach
-learning new skills by observing and imitating a model and apply to in real life
“third-wave” cognitive-behavioural therapies (CBT)
concepts of mindfulness
-humanistic and eastern methods
acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)
CBT
-focus on mindfulness as a vehicle of change
-notice and accept thoughts instead of controlling
dialectal behaviour therapy (DBT)
-used to treat borderline personality disorder
-combination of multiple therapies
-live more with current experiences
client-centered therapy/person-centered therapy focus
-conscious control of behaviour
-personal responsibility behaviour
-make aware of feelings
components of client-centered therapy
-genuineness
-empathy
-unconditional positive regard and acceptance
psychopharmacology
study of how drugs affect cognitions, emotions, and behaviour
psychotropics
drugs/medications that affect mental processes
tricyclics
antidepressant
-increase norepinephrine and serotonin
monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors
antidepressant
-increase norephinephrine and serotonin
- have greater side effects
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
antidepressant
-block reuptake of seratonin
-rapid
-also helps anxiety
antipsychotic drugs (neuroleptics)
decrease action of dopamine
-reduce positive symptoms of schizophrenia
tardive dyskinesia
side effect to antipsychotic drugs
-severe. movement disorder
electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
patient given sedative and muscle relaxant to shock the brain
-treats severe depression, schizophrenia, and epilepsy
psychosurgery
remove or destroy parts of the brain
lobotomy
destroy nerve tracts to frontal lobes
cingulotomy
cut frontal lobes and limbic system
north american and western european assumptions
-problems originate within individual
-take form of dysfunctional thinking, conflict, stress
cultural norms-issues
-not seeking help
-language
-access to treatment
culturally competent therapists
understand cultural backgrounds
-attentive to differences from cultural stereotypes
factors affecting the outcome of therapy
therapist variables, client variables, techniques
