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Psyc1100 > Chapter 8: Memory > Flashcards

Chapter 8: Memory Flashcards

1
Q

What is memory?

A

the persistence of learning over time through the encoding, storage, and retrieval of information

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2
Q

What are the 3 retention measures?

A

recall, recognition, relearning

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3
Q

recall?

A

measure of memory in which a person must retrieve information learned earlier: FITB

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4
Q

recognition?

A

measure of memory in which a person identifies items previously learned: MC

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5
Q

relearning?

A

measure of memory that assesses the amount of time saved when learning material again

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6
Q

our response speed at recalling or recognizing information indicates?

A

memory strength

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7
Q

encode?

A

getting information into the memory system

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8
Q

storage?

A

retaining encoded information over time

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9
Q

retrieval?

A

getting memory out of memory storage

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10
Q

parallel processing?

A

processing many things simultaneously

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11
Q

sensory memory?

A

immediate brief recording of information in the memory system

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12
Q

short term memory?

A

briefly activated memory of a few items that is later stored or forgotten

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13
Q

long term memory?

A

permanent and limitless archive of memory system: knowledge, skills, experiences

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14
Q

working memory?

A

newer understanding of short term memory: active processing of both sensory information and information retrieved from long term memory

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15
Q

explicit memory?

A

retention of facts and experiences we can consciously know and declare

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16
Q

effortful processing?

A

encoding that requires attention and effort

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17
Q

automatic processing?

A

unconscious encoding of well learned information such as definitions, smells, and sounds

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18
Q

implicit memory?

A

information we dont store purposefully and is the unconscious memory

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19
Q

What did george sperlings experiment demonstrate?

A

iconic memory

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20
Q

what is iconic memory?

A

picture image memory that lasts no longer than 1/10th a second

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21
Q

echoic memory?

A

sounds and words can still be recalled within 3-4 seconds

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22
Q

whats chunking?

A

organizes items into familiar manageable units to memorize bigger things. think of splitting up the numbers of pi to memorize

23
Q

mnemonics

A

memory aid, think of king phillip came over for good soup

24
Q

what is massed practice?

A

cramming

25
Q

spacing effect?

A

distributed study for better long term retention

26
Q

testing effect?

A

think flashcards: testing what you know instead of rereading the same notes and highlighting

27
Q

shallow processing?

A

encoding on a basic level: there their theyre

28
Q

deep processing?

A

encoding semantically: meaning of the words: better retention than shallow processing

29
Q

semantic memory?

A

explicit memory of facts and general knowledge

30
Q

episodic memory?

A

explicit memory of personally experienced events

31
Q

what network processes and stores new explicit memories?

A

hippocampus and frontal lobe

32
Q

recalling a password would activate right or left lobe?

A

left frontal lobe

33
Q

remembering a party scene would activate right or left lobe?

A

right frontal lobe

34
Q

hippocampus?

A

a neural center located in the limbic system that helps process explicit memories

35
Q

memories are not permanently stored in the hippocampus, thats temporary, the older files are then shifted to the cortex. what is this process called?

A

memory consolidation

36
Q

which part of the brain plays a key role in forming and storing implicit memories?

A

cerebellum

37
Q

basal ganglia function?

A

involved in motor movement, if you can ride a bike, thank basal ganglia

38
Q

whats a flashbulb memory?

A

a clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event

39
Q

long term potentiation?

A

increase in nerve cells firing potential after being stimulated. EVIDENCE confirms that LTP IS A PHYSICAL BASIS FOR MEMORY.

40
Q

whats the therapy used to recall older memories?

A

reminiscence therapy: uses the power of retrieval cues to remember more

41
Q

priming?

A

the activation of particular associations in memory

42
Q

encoding specificity principle?

A

the idea that cues and contexts specific to a memory will help us recall it.

43
Q

state dependent memory?

A

say you are drunk and hide money, you are more likely to remember where you hid the money when drunk again not sober

44
Q

mood congruent memory?

A

recalling experiences that are consistent with ones current good or bad mood: remembering other sad things when sad

45
Q

serial position effect?

A

tendency to recall best the last and first items in a list. recency vs primacy

46
Q

anterograde amnesia?

A

when someone can remember past but not form new memories

47
Q

retrograde amnesia?

A

those who cannot remember old memories but can make new ones

48
Q

proactive interference?

A

prior learning disrupts recall of new information. say you got a new combination lock, the old combination lock password may interfere with the retrieval of the new one

49
Q

retroactive interference?

A

occurs when new learning disrupts your recall of old information

50
Q

repression?

A

banishing anxiety causing thoughts from the conscious: psychoanalytic theory

51
Q

reconsolidation?

A

when we replay a memory, we replace the original with a slightly modified oe

52
Q

misinformation effect?

A

when a memory has been corrupted by misleading information

53
Q

source amnesia?

A

faulty memory for how when or where information was learned or imagined

54
Q

deja vu?

A

feeling like youve experienced something before

Psyc1100 (9 decks)

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