Chapter 8 - Medical Words Flashcards
New surgical opening from the ileum to the outside of the body.
ileostomy
Difficulty in digestion; indigestion
dyspepsia
Term that describes conditions associated with the gastrointestinal tract, the two most common in ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease
inflammatory bowel disease
Condition that occurs when the muscle (sphincter) between the esophagus and the stomach is weak or relaxes inappropriately, allowing the stomach’s contents to back up into the esophagus.
gastroesophageal reflux disease (aka GERD)
Pertaining to digestion
peptic
Instrument used in medical procedure to view the interior of the rectum and anus
proctoscope
Process by which nutrients are transferred from the gastrointestinal tract to the bloodstream
absorption
The telescoping of one part of the intestine into another, occurs chiefly in children and the ileocecal region.
intussusception
Chronic autoimmune disease that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract but most commonly occurs in the ileum
Crohn disease
Inflammation of the diverticula
diverticulitis
To wash out a cavity. Used to remove or dilute gastric contents in cases of poisoning or ingestion of a caustic substance.
lavage
Pertaining to the membrane or peritoneum encircling the small intestines that connects the intestines to the posterior abdominal wall
mesentery (mess-en-ter-ê)
Pertaining to gas expelled from the anus
flatus
Varicose veins in the anus or rectal area, can be internal or external
hemorrhoid
Condition of excessive vomiting
hyperemesis
Pertaining to the twisting of the bowel on itself that causes an obstruction
volvulus
Condition of the lip
cheilosis (ky-low-sis)
Substance that acts to loosen the bowel
laxative
Another word for bowel
intestine
Study of the stomach and the small intestine
gastroenterology
Wavelike contractions that occur involuntarily in hollow tubes of the body; especially the alimentary canal
peristalsis
Black, tarry feces
melana
Condition of gallstones
choleithiasis (cole-ê-luh-thigh-a-sis)
Chronic degenerative liver condition
cirrhosis (sir-oh-sis)
Another word for colon cancer
colorectal cancer
Accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
ascites (ass-cite-ease)
To feed via a tube
gavage
Frequent flow of watery stools
diarrhea
Inflammation of the gums
gingivitis
Vomiting
emesis
Disorder that interferes with the normal functions of the large intestine; characterized by a group of symptoms, including cramps, abdominal pain, bloating, constipation and diarrhea
irritable bowel syndrome (aka IBS)
Another name for feces
stool
Abnormal protrusion of an organ through the wall of a body cavity that normally contains it.
hernia
Process of inadequate absorption of nutrients from the intestinal tract
malabsorption
Process of infrequent passage of hard dry feces
constipation
Condition in which the tongue is covered by hair-like threads, which may appear brown or black; caused by a fungus due to poor hygiene or antibiotic therapy.
black hairy tongue
Uncomfortable feeling of the inclination to vomit
nausea
Instrument used to view the interior of the sigmoid colon
sigmoidoscope
